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Micro Midterm 1 (Gram - (LPS (Lipopolysaccharide):
O-specific…
Micro Midterm 1
Gram -
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DAP, D and L A.A's, NAG and NAM closer together (more dense)
When whole LPS is released, triggers host defense.
Endotoxin: a lipid bases toxin that causes fever and shock in mammals if released from membrane
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Endospores
Low water, low metabolism
-most resistant biological structure known
-can last thousands, millions of years
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terminal, subterminal, central
Spore coat: life jacket, water tight. This and small acid-soluble proteins are a tell for endospores
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Gram +
Lysine instead of DAP, pentaglycine linkage
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Techoic acid and Lipoteichoic acid for anchoring, maybe transport. Negative charge
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Archaea
S-layer: protein jacket outside membrane. a selective sieve for passage of low molecular weight stuff
Psuedopeptidoglycan: NAT and NAG, 7 unit cross-links. Lys cross link
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Take Home:
-proteins #1 by weight
-Lipids #1 by number
-Peptidoglycan is 1 phattt molecule
-most RNA is ribosomes
-DNA is thicccc
-Proteins: everywhere
-Nucleic acids: in nucleoid and ribosomes
-Polysaccharides: cell wall
-Lipids: call wall and membrane
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Bacterial & archaeal DNA is 1 mm length, looped 30-50 times. Nicking/unnicking to access gene without unraveling the whole circular DNA
Hammer, Cork, and Bottle Experiment:
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magnetosomes: magnetostatic bacteria have these which contain megnetite and can orient with magnetic fields
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