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4.2 Computer Security 4.2.1 Computer Security Risk (Malicious Code …

- - - - • A program that, when executed, replicates by
        inserting copies of itself into other programs,
        data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive.
        • Most viruses are attached to an executable
        file, which means the virus may exist on a
        system but will not be active or able to spread
        until a user runs or executes the host file or
        program.
      - • Once the virus is activated, it can spread
        throughout and may damage files and system
        software, including the operating system.
        • Viruses spread when the file they are attached
        to is transferred from one computer to
        another using the network, pen drive, disk, or
        infected e-mail attachments.
    - - • A program that copies itself repeatedly, in
        memory or on a network, using up resources
        and possibly shutting down the computer or
        network.
        • Worms are standalone software and do not
        require a host program or human help to
        spread.
    - - • A program that appears to be legitimate
        (valid) but is designed to have destructive
        effects.
        • It is usually comes as apparently harmless
        program such as a game, or a free waterfall
        screensaver.
        • Once downloaded and installed, the infection
        is free to collect personal information, or
        destroy files.
      - • Unlike a virus or worm, a Trojan horse does
        not replicate itself.
        • One of the most insidious types of Trojan
        horse is a program that claims to rid your
        computer of viruses but instead introduces
        viruses onto your computer.
        • Used to create a backdoor on your computer
        that gives hackers illegal access to your
        system.