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Green construction (Sand (California (Pure sand (single size), can have a…
Green construction
Sand
California
Pure sand
single size
can have a gravel raft
underlying drainage
high permeability
Expensive to maintain
needs irrigation
for arid climates and very high rainfall events
USGA
2 layer
smaller gravel
2-6mm
no blinding layer
3 layer
larger gravel
5-10mm
1-4mm grit blinding layer
suspended water table
specific rootzone requirements
specific gravel requirements
bridging factors
uniformity + Permeability
irrigation system
expensive to install + maintain
reliable if installed correctly
UK
similar to USGA
less coarse sand
more fine to medium
Dutch
ameliorated upper rootzone
over sand
over soil with drains
usually used where no gravel available
similar to California
sealed system
Purrwick
Cell
PAT
generally unsuccessful
expensive
problematic
problems with drainage and irrigation
Sand carpet
Medium/fine sand layer
100-150mm deep
overlying soil with drainage
irrigation required
high running cost
Sub air system modification
removes water
aerates
temperature control
irrigates
expensive
Soil
Push up
uses native soil
good moisture + Nutrient retention
Poor drainage
unless ameliorate + drained
low cost
prone to compaction
modern push up
irrigated + drained + ameliorated with sand