The Byzantine Empire and
The Rise of Russia

Social

Political

Interaction with
the Environment

Economic

Cultural

The Byzantine Empire


  • Controlled the gov./ church for a
    traditional form of legitamicy.
  • Mediterranean remained a Christian
    Empire
  • Diplomatic Alliances/ dynasty
    marriages led to olitical unity
    (in surrounding areas)

Justinian code


  • Eastern Roman Empire 527
  • The code: useful Roman Laws
  • The digest: summarize legal opinions
  • The institutes: guide for law students
  • The Novellae: laws passed after 534
  • Western Europe
  • Byzantine law
  • European legal systems

Constantinople


  • Sat at the end of the Silk Road, so it was
    the center of of trade between
  • Was protected from attacks from the
    outside (Attika the Hun)

Theodora


  • Wife of Justinian
  • Advisor
  • Fought for legalization of
    women rights in Byzantine
  • Allowance of Christian women
    to own property

Nika Revolt


  • Rebellion to overthrow Justinian
    -Theodora advised him to stay
    and fight back
  • Belisarius led his troops
  • Victory over rebels

Greek Fire


  • Military weapon for Byzantine
  • Chemical
  • liquid bursts into flames and
    catches everything on fire
    once thrown at enemies

Eastern Christian Church


  • not same as the west (Roman Catholic church)
  • Constantinople: Patriarch
  • Early Iconoclasts: worshipped icons as idols
    (which stirred a controversy)
  • Was allowed later
  • Modern- day Eastern Orthodox

Iconoclastic Controversy


  • 726: All icons destroyed by order of Emperor
    Leo II and people rejected the order
  • Pop called bishops together in 787
  • Council decision: heresy not to allow icons
  • threatened iconoclasts with excommunication
  • result: church split in 1054

heresy


  • an opinion that conflicts with
    the official church beliefs

Hagia Sophia


  • Meaning “holy wisdom”
    In Constantinople
    Ordered by Justinian to be built

Slavs


  • Settled in most of Eastern Europe
  • Byzantines converted the majority
    into Christians
  • Invaders such as the Huns and
    Magyars made them into slaves
  • Trade with the vikings helped them
    move into the region

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Kievan Russia


  • Rurik was the leader of
    the Vikings (Rus)
  • Created Kiev; trade route
    between constantinople
    and the Baltic Sea

Boyars


  • Council of nobles advises the
    princes of Russia

Veche


  • Town meetings with the head of
    the households in a public
    marketplace
  • Called by the princes

Yarslav the Wise


  • introduced the first Russian law
  • Pravda Russkia - Russian Justice
  • Combination of tradition, tribal
    customs, and older laws

Vladmir I


  • Wanted to marry the Byzantine
    emperor's sister (dynastic marriage)
  • Converted to christianity, leading
    to the conversion of others'
  • Had all pagan statues

Kievan Russia Economy


  • Trade
  • Taiga/ wood- Iron, iron ore, furs and honey
  • Farming

Ivan III


  • His grandfather ( Ivan !) established
    Moscow (Muscovite Russia)
  • Moscow becomes more independent
    as Moscow's power increases
  • Ends the mongol rule
  • Unifies the tribes under Rusian under his absolute reaction.