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Imperialism: What were the imperialist nations? How did they legitimize…
Imperialism: What were the imperialist nations? How did they legitimize their rule over other nations/peoples?
Russia
Reasons for Imperialism
Slav population expanded into Asia; Also there were many small ethnic groups that couldn't fight back on their own
Climate prevented usage of harbors and ports; GB naval restrictions prevented even more naval dominance
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The Eastern question - they can't drive further into the Mediterranean because they would be stopped by further powers
Imperialistic Moves
Economic penetration of Persia made GB upset; also encroached on Afghanistan - a buffer between India
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Russo-Japanese war :green_cross: which was settles with GB by recognizing that Germany is the main obstacle; created Anti-German coalition with GB and France; Persia Broken up into three spheres of influence
Franco-Russian Alliance :red_flag: After Russo-Jap war, France gave capital to Russia and Russia's pro-Serbian policy helped reduce the power of AH
Lenin :star: Imperialism is the highest for of capitalism; The monopoly stage of production which takes advantage of the proletariat and the colonies
Russo-Jap agreement on China :red_flag: (1907) respect land claims and respect that China is independent
Germany
Alliances
The Triple Alliance :star: protect Ger, It, and AH from France
Reasons for Imperialism
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Kaiser Wilhelm II :red_flag: Weltpolitik, a world policy to project Germany's power ; Penetrated Turkish empire; called himself the protector of all 300 mil muslims in the Ottoman Empire; use German seapower to highest advantage
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Great Britain
Reasons for Imperialism
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Manufactured products needed markets overseas after the industrial revolution; also needed new sources of raw goods
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The White Man's Burden
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Cecil Rhodes :star: "Confession of Faith" cultural superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race; they should take over the world; also Church will provide and extension of the British Empire
The British Ententes
Entente Cordiale :red_flag: (1904) with France removed imperial quarrels; Morocco to France and Egypt to GB; joint against Germany
Anglo Russian Entente :red_flag: (1907) resolved dispute over Persia and Afghanistan; removed contentious issues
Anglo-Japanese Alliance :red_flag: (1902) Japan and GB would be sympathetic if either went to war, recognized independence of China and Korea; share naval efforts in Far East
Geopolitics
John MacKinder :star: "The Geographical Pivot of History"(1904) looked at true geographical world view of expanding powers and control of the Eurasian "pivot area" which was considered a marker for global dominance LAND POWER
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Africa
Boer War: :green_cross: between GB forces and Afrikaneers; ultimately the Africans lost and became British subjects
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The United States
Reasons of Imperialism
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Acquired Philippines, Samoa, and Hawaii after the Spanish-American War
Imperialist Moves
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Roosevelt Corollary - US customs collection in DR, Successful insurrection in Nicaragua,
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Documents
Charles Conant :star: "The Economic Basis of Imperialism" (1898), superiority of races and we need to capitalize on everything in the world through industrialization and reorganization
Secretary of State John Hay Open Door Policy in China :star: (1899) spheres of influence where we can all share in China and allow for no interference to both GB and Japan
McKinley to Congress :star: (1898) Do it for our citizens and declare war on Spain to save the Cuban people
Drago of Argentina asked the US to help with the monroe Doctrine after GB and Ger deployed military forces to demand repayment on loans
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Platt Amendment :red_flag: (1901) Cuba was not a US protectorate and couldn't transfer territory, negotiate treaty, cedes Guantanamo and incorporates platt into consititution
Japan
Imperialistic Moves
Meiji Restoration - emperor is unity and central authority; importance of westernization; nationwide banking, new elite governing class, army, parliament, national currency and modernized exports
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Sino Japanese War :red_flag: (1894-95) invade China, Korea is made independent by China
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Russo Japanese War : red_flag: over manchuria and korea, Japan gets lease of Liaotunf and Korean foreign relations
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