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Sexuality II (Estrogen (Neutrophic factor --> more cell neurogenesis…

- - - - more cells in brain slice treated with estrogen in newborn rat
      - more dendritic spines in hippocampus neurons
        --> vs oil treatment #
      - more neurogenesis
        --> more mitosis of precurser cells
        --> more survival of new ones cause more neutrophic factor
  - - - when ovaries removed (less estradiol)
        --> less exploring of new object
      - when treated with estradiol up to 1 hour after training (2 similar objects)
        --> performed normal
- - - - Ovariectomy
        --> removal of ovaries
        --> eliminates sex drive cause no estradiol
        
        Estrogen + Progesteron needed to restore sex drive !!
        --> just estrogen = low lordorsis
        --> first estrogen + progesteron (42h) later = high lordorsis!!
        --> cause estrogen = activates gene producing progesteron receptors!!
      - Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VHN)
        --> where sex drive comes from
        --> estrogen + progesteron receptors
        --> active during sex
        --> mediates lodorsis (cFOS markes)
        --> electric stimulation = enhances lodorsis
    - - Castration
        --> removal of testes
        --> eliminates sex drive (not completely!!)
        --> cause adrenal glands also testosteron
        
        Testosteron injection = restores
        --> guinea pig study
        
        --> if castration right after birth = lordorsis if estrogen
        --> if castration as adult = no lordsis if estrogen
        --> cause estrogen masculinazes brain, so if early female brain hence estrogen = lodorsis
      - Medial Preoptic Area (mPOA)
        --> important for sexual behavior in rodents
        --> lesions eliminate sex drive completely
        --> lesions to just Sexual dismorphic area less so
        --> stimulation of mPOA = super strong sexual behavior!!
        
        Testosteron here if castration = restores sex drive
        --> must be converted to estradiol first!! (blocked by aromatase inhibitors
        --> must be testosteron NOT the one made by 5 blabla reductase doesnt work
        -->
        
        High activity before mating, after mating low
        --> monkey study
  - - - Sexual preference
        --> before ovulation = prefering more masculin face
      - sexual motivation
        --> highest around ovulation
        --> mediated by tesosteron (peak at ovulation)
        --> rating porn higher etc
        --> but not for all
      - Sexual behavior
        --> if no contraceptives / pill by female = high sex initiation during ovulation
        --> if contraceptive / pill = no such initiation during ovulation
        --------> prevents ovulation by inhibitong GnRH, LH, FS (gonotropin releasing hormon) <-- consists of low estro + progestin (the pill that is)
      - Ovariectomy
        --> removal of ovaries
        --> less sexual desire
        --> almost like with rats above estrogen + testosteron needed to restore ! (in rats progesteron instead of testosteron)#
      - testosteron increases after sex
        --> just like in men :p
      - Sex phases
        --> Excitement / arousal
        --> plateau phase (high arousal)
        --> orgasm (intense pleasure)
        --> Resolution
        --> during orgasm activity in reward center, PFC, basically everywhere haha
    - - Castration
        --> loss of sex drive
        --> testosteron injections needed to restore
      - Sex phases
        --> Excitement / arousal
        --> plateau phase (high arousal)
        --> orgasm (intense pleasure)
        --> Resolution
        --> during orgasm basically whole brain active and VTA (ventral tegmental area) for rewards haha but also in females