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Cell (signal transduction (another classification (endocrine, contact…

- - - - slow
        
        min-h
    - - fast
        
        s-min
  - - - same receptors different response
      - different receptors different response
- - - - cadherin
        
        adhere and calcium dependent
      - NCAM
      - integrin
        
        intracellular microtubuli linked
      - Selectin
        
        leukocyte
        
        adhesion cascade
      - Integrins
        
        transmembrane proteins
        
        cellular attachment to substratum
        
        actin cytoskeleton
        
        Interaction with integrins and growth factors are important for optimal response
        
        two ways to signal
        
        inside out
        
        cell adhesion
        
        cell migration
        
        ECM assembly
        
        phases
        
        signals from the cell
        
        induce talin
        
        1 more item...
        
        outside in
        
        results in
        
        cell polarity
        
        survival
        
        proliferation
        
        cytoskeletal structure
        
        gene expression
        
        phases
        
        integrin clustering on the cell membrane
        
        formation of focal adhesion
        
        1 more item...
        
        types
        
        fibronectin
        
        laminin
        
        fibrinogen
    - - tight junction
        
        typical prot
        
        occludins
        
        claudin
      - desmosome
        
        cadherins
        
        desmoglein
        
        desmocollin
        
        bind when Ca present
      - adherens junction
        
        cadherins
        
        classical cadherins
        
        E
        
        important in epithelial-mesenchymal transition
        
        EMT
        
        N
      - gap junctions
        
        connexins
- - - - nuclear receptor
      - G-prot linked
        
        Wnt-pathway
        
        promote nuclear b-
        Catenin
        
        induces tumour formation and
        metastases in skin, and breast tissues
      - ion channel linked
      - enzyme-linked
        
        ligand is usually GF
        
        GF=growth factor
        
        responses
        
        often inactive
        
        require proteolytic activation
        
        types
        
        inactive when bound to ECM
        
        requires binging to ECM to become active
        
        mechanical environment
        
        short lifespan while active
        
        cell's maturation status
        
        action can be
        
        endo
        
        para
        
        auto
        
        timing
        
        effect can be
        
        synergistic
        
        antagonistic
        
        concentration
        
        inhibition?
        
        ligand usable even in low conc
        
        membrane bound
        
        affects cytoskeleton
        
        rapid morphological changes
        
        types
        
        tyrosine phosphatase
        
        tyrosine kinase activating
        
        RTK-pathway
        
        include
        
        hepatocyte GF
        
        fibroblast GF
        
        epidermal GF
        
        insulin GF
        
        serine/threonine kinase
        
        tyrosine kinase
        
        guanylate cyclase
        
        histidine kinase
        
        TGF b-family
        
        activate a variety of signaling molecules
        
        Smads
        
        induces the EMT
        
        in kidney
        
        MAPK
        
        PI3K
        
        capability to change epithelial cell polarity
        
        Par6
        
        dissolution of tight junctions