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Measurement Chapter 3 Austin Burlingame (Uses prefixes and units (Common…
Measurement Chapter 3 Austin Burlingame
K H D (unit) D C M
Uses prefixes and units
Common prefixes
KIlo (K) 1,000 base units
Hecto (H) 100 base units
Deka (D) 10 base units
Base unit 1 base unit
Deci (D) 1/10th base unit
Centi (C) 1/1000th base unit
milli (m) - 1/1000th base unit
Gram (g) - mass
Meter (m) - Length
Liter (L) - Volume
Ampheres (amps) - Current
Kelvin (K) - Temperature
Second (s) - Time
mole (mol) - Substance Amount
Joule (J) - Energy
Scientific figures
Zeros
Every nonzero number is significant
Examples
7,432 = 4 sig figs
24.7 = 3 sig figs
Zero Sandwich
Zeros between nonzero
numbers are significant.
Examples:
7,003 = 4 sig figs
400.79 = 5 sig figs
104 = 3 sig figs
Left handed Zeros
zeros appearing to
the left of the first
nonzero number are
not significant.
Examples:
0.42 = 2 sig figs
0.0071 = 2 sig figs
0.000 000 009 = 1 sig fig
Right handed Zeros
Zeros at the end of a
number that are right of
the decimal are
significant
Examples:
8.40 = 3 sig figs
56.0000 = 6 sig figs
1.010 = 4 Sig Figs
Weird Zeros
Zeros that appear at the end
of the number BUT before the
decimal would be...when no
decimal is present
Examples:
300 = 1 sig fig
40,000 = 1 sig fig
146,670 = 5 sig figs
Measurement
Illustration
Accuracy
how close it comes to
the actual
target/number
Precision
how close a series of
measurements are to
one another
Definition
a quantity that has
both a number and a
unit
Scientific notation
Short hand way of
writting very large or
small numbers.
Examples
6.02 x 10^23
P 6.02 x 10^23 ositive Exponent = big number
Examples
1.98 x 10^-21
Negative Exponent = small number
accepted value
Value measured
many times for a
constant value.
Experimental value
Messaged in a lab
Error = Experimental Value - Accepted Value
Percent Error = ([error] \ accepted value) x 100%
Temperature Scales
Kelvin
Water Freezes at 272.15 K
Fahrenheit
Water Freezes at 32 degrees F
Water Boils at 212 degrees F
Celsius
Water Freezes at 0 degrees C
Water Boils at 100 degrees C
