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3.2.1 Overview of the Internet (ISP and IP Address) (The Internet Address…
3.2.1 Overview of the Internet
(ISP and IP Address)
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
an organization that provides Internet access to
individuals and organizations
Also provide related services such as:
– Web site hosting and development
– Email hosting
– Domain name registration
Responsibilities of ISP
• Provide and maintain a connection to the Internet
• Provide hardware and software support to the connection
• Protect against external threats such as
viruses, hackers and other illegal activities
• Provide 24-hour customer service and technical suppor
Examples of the ISP in Malaysia
• TMNet
• MAXIS
• Celcom
• DiGi
• Jaring
• YTL
• Packet One
The Internet Address
IP address is a unique number used to locate
and identify a computer or device on a
network.
IP address is used as an address to send data
and information to a specific computer or
device on the Internet.
The importance of IPv6
• The Internet has experienced a phenomenal
increase of devices accessing the Internet.
• Because of this increase, IPv4 addresses are
running out.
• The solution is for IPv6 to accommodate this
increased demand by providing a much larger
address space, along with improved traffic
routing and better security.
Versions of IP Address
• Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)
– The most widely used version of IP address.
– IPv4 uses a 32-bit address scheme
• Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
– The new version of IP address which has more
capabilities than IPv4 in providing more IP
addresses.
– IPv6 uses a 128-bit address scheme
Advantages of IPv6
• Larger IP address space - provide enough
address space for many decades to come
• Better security
• Better support for real time
• Includes Plug and play
• Better optimization
Structure of IPv4 Address
Each IPv4 address is made up of four groups of
numbers, that range from 0 to 255, separated
by a period.
• Examples of IPv4 addresses:
– 10.20.20.16
– 172.16.200.99
Pv4 address has two parts:
– The network part (first three numbers) identifies
the network.
– The machine part (last number) identifies the
specific computer.
Example:
– 10.20.20.16
• 10.20.20 (network part)
• 16 (machine part)
Structure of IPv6 Address
Each IPv6 address is represented as eight
groups of four hexadecimal digits, separated
by colons (:)
• Examples of IPV6 address (full notation):
– 2001:0db8:00a7:8ac4:0234:7bff:fe19:223c
– 2001:0db8:0a0b:12f0:0000:0000:0000:0001
• Example of IPV6 address (compressed format):
– 2001:db8:a0b:12f0::1
Domain Name
the text version of an IP
address.
• Examples:
– www.google.com
– www.kmk.matrik.edu.my
Every domain name contains a top-level
domain (TLD), which is the last section of the
domain name.
– www.kmk.matrik.edu.my
– www.google.com
– www.abim.org
– www.bankislam.biz
– www.speedtest.net
Two (2) types of TLD:
– Generic TLD (gTLD)
– Country Code TLD (ccTLD)
• A generic TLD identifies the type of
organization associated with the domain.
• Country Code TLD identifies the country of
origin associated with the domain.
• Examples:
– com - Commercial organizations, businesses, or companies
– gov - Government agencies
– org - Nonprofit organizations
– my - Malaysia