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Proteins
Proteins
Amino acids
20 different essential amino acids for humans
R groups are all different
R groups are made up fo C,H,O,N and sometimes S
R groups never contain P but proteins can be phosphorylated
amino acid group gains a H at pH7 and becomes positively charged
carboxyl group loses a H and becomes negatively charged
Protein structures
enzymes are globular proteins
made from a peptide chain of amino acids
tertiary structure is created by ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds and disulphide bridges
hydrophobic parts in the centre
hydrophillic on the outside making the enzyme soluble
Globular
examples
enzymes
antibodies
plasma proteins
hormones
haemoglobin
properties
compact, folded
form roughly spherical molecules
soluble
very specific shape