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Historia mon conte: The Industrialization of European Societies (Ch.4…
Historia mon conte: The Industrialization of European Societies
Ch.4 Industrial capitalism
4.2 Banking and finance
Industrial expansion → state bank → more bank loans
Before: Sole propiertor, after: Corporations
4.3 Expansion of the industrial capitalism
Industrial expansion was fully in commission in Europe way later than in Britain. By 20th century every country in Europe was Industrialized
Britain 18th century, early 19th century Belgium and France (due to steel, iron and coal), middle 19th century USA, Russia and Germany (big and powerful companies)
4.1 Liberalism and capitalism
"The man of economical liberalization" was
Adam Smith
Economical liberalism= free trade and the government is not part of economics
Ch.2 The birth of industry
2.2 The textile industry
Machines were first used in the cotton industries in the 18th century in the UK. They wanted more job to be done so they banned finished cotton products from India → more machines were made
2.3 Coal and iron: steel
The Great Britain had a large possession of coal and iron ore. But when they got the idea to use coke in the blast furnaces was the tune development made.
2.1 Machines steam and factories
18th century technological innovations: machinery (more productivity and less cost on each peace)
Machines were first controlled by humans but little by little it changed more to hydroelectric energy
The symbol of Industrial Revolution was said to be the steam engine (James Watt)
Manufacturing systems were put into factories, so everything would be under one roof
Ch.3 The growth of industry
3.1 The transport revolution
Before, the sailing boats were the number one way to travel, but because of the Industrial Revolution and the improvements in machines that changed the whole course.
Steam engine
The first train for passengers was made in England in 1830. Shortly after, the whole Europe had them.
First steamboat was made in the US in 1807 → 1847 Atlantic crossed in 15 days
3.2 Increased trade
A global market economy was created thanks to the Industrial Revolution and the economical situation in the UK grew a lot. The main changes to make this possible were:
More increasing domestic production, population growth, improved purchasing power of the population, better transportation
Ch.1 Population increase and agricultural expansion
1.1 The demographic revolution
During 18th century in Europe
Improvements in hygiene and medicines → population growth → more demands for goods → economical growth
1.2 The agricultural revolution
Because of economical growth (mostly agriculture and industrial), the need for better productivity increased. Two changes were made to do that:
1; lands were enclosed for more profitable farms
2; New farming system, were no land was unused. Also new crops helped