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World Religions (Islam (Monotheistic, After the death of Muhammad, the…
World Religions
Islam
Monotheistic
After the death of Muhammad, the first four caliphs took leadership and continued the spread
Holy Site is Mecca
Muhammad
Holy Book is the Quran
Muhammad began preaching Islam around 610 AD
Thought that if there is any differences between man and man it cannot be of race, color, country, or language but of ideas, beliefs and principles. God/Allah, caliphs, doctors/teachers/merchants, people of the book/Christians/Jews, slaves.
Belief in one true God, angels, books (Torah, Psalms, Gospel, Qur'an), prophets, the last day (in the end God will judge humans fro their terrestrial actions), predestination (nothing happens except by the will and permission of Allah)
Zoroastrianism
Monotheistic
around 400-300 BCE
The Magi spreaded Zarathustra's teachings orally and later the Avestas, written texts on Zarathustra's beliefs, was produced and spread throughout people on different trading routes( silk route,etc.)
Priests were considered very high on the social pyramid. It was patriarchy society but women had some freedom. They cold own property and could work.
Mt. Ushi-darena
Mt. Asnavant
Mt. Hara-Berezaiti
Dar-e mehr
Avestas
A Persian prophet named Zarathustra
People believed in one god, Ahura Mazda. There was a god of darkness and other lesser gods but there were not worshiped. Zoroastrianism also taught concepts of Heaven and Hell.
Buddhism
Late 6th century BCE
None, because Buddha isn't a god.
They believed rules were needed in order to maintain religious purity and to keep order. Buddhist- Monasteries, Monks, Nuns, Lay People, Pilgrims
It spread through the silk road and through other trading routes.
Bodh Gaya, Mahabodhi Temple/Bodhi Tree
They believe in Reincarnation and Rebirth. They goal of the followers is to end the cycle of rebirth.
They also believe in the 4 Noble Truths:
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All life involves great suffering
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All suffering stems from desires for worldly pleasures and material things
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Suffering can end when one eliminates all of one's earthly desires
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Desire can be eliminated by following Buddhism's eight-fold path
Tripitaka
Buddha
Confucianism
Confucius traveled all of China and gathered followers who also spread his teachings.
It is a philosophy
Confucius
Around 520 BCE
Their philosophy is all about relationships. Females should always respect males and the young must always respect the elders. Filial piety was a huge part of the philosophy also.
The social structure in Confucianism is that the oldest male, typical the father, is the most powerful and has the final say in everything. People who follow Confucianism always respect those older than them and if you were a female, you had to respect all men, even those who were younger than them.
The Confucian temple in Qufu in Shandong Province ,the Temple of Confucius (Kong Miao), and the Confucius Family Mansion (Kong Fu
)
Analects
Daoism
Laozi
Followers seek happiness and wisdom by the way of the path or Dao. They want to be one with nature. They also believe in Yin and Yang( submissive and aggression).
Nothing, it is a philosophy
Late 500 BCE
Deities are at the top of the social structure (humans can become deities). Men and women were equal and women could become high priestess.
There aren't any holy places, but mountains are considered holy.
Dao De Jing
Daoism spread through peasants.(it appealed to peasants)
Hinduism
1500 B.C.E
Hindus believe that Hinduism is more of a way of life than a structured religion.
Along the Silk Road and through people moving ans settling down in new lands
The pilgrimage to each sacred site has its own religious significance. Holy Place: Himalayan Char Dham - Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri. Varanasi/Kashi, Allahabad/Prayag, Haridwar-Rishikesh, Mathura-Vrindavan, and Ayodhya.
After the death of Muhammad, the first four caliphs took leadership and continu
Vedas
There is no founding leader of Hinduism since it wasn't founded as a religion
People should stay in their social classes and can't move up
Judaism
People believe that Jewish people traded and traveled so they had to have spread their culture while they were trading and traveling.
Judaism is not based on a hierarchical structure in the real sense, though there are several special designations given to people, who perform their designated services in the community.
Judaism, the first and oldest of the three great monotheistic faiths, is the religion and way of life of the Jewish people. The basic laws and tenets of Judaism are derived from the Torah, the first five books of the Bible.
Temple Mount, Tomb of the Patriarchs, Rachel’s Tomb, Safed, and Tiberius
The main teachings of Judaism about God are that there is a God and there is only one God. Only God created the universe and only He controls it. Judaism also teaches that God is spiritual and not physical. Jews believe that God is one – a unity: He is one, whole, complete being.
The basis of Jewish law and tradition is the Torah
Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, known as the Patriarchs, are both the physical and spiritual ancestors of Judaism.
Christianity
Monotheistic
Began in the 1st century of AD
First community of Christians were Jews. As Jews converted to Christians, Christianity spread. Paul was the most influential missionary. He claimed that God had dramatically converted him to Christian. Paul journeyed throughout the world where he began preaching.
They believed in religious hierarchy. Pope, Cardinals, Patriarch, Major Archbishops, Primates, Metropolitan Bishop, Archbishops, Diocesan Bishops
Jesus, Missionary Paul
Holy Site is Jerusalem, Nazareth
Holy Bible
Old Testament and New Testament
There is only one God, eternally existent in three persons: the father, the son and the holy spirit
.
Believe in Lord Jesus Christ deity. Baptism.**Believe in the returning of Jesus Christ.
