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SCIeNCE ExPLORER noTes (DARWIN'S THEORY (Darwin's observation…

- - - - a genus is a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms. A species is a group of similar organisms that can kate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
    - - Linnaeus used latin because it was the language that scientists used during that time.
  - - - most biologists today classify organisms into eight levels:
        
        a domain is the highest level of organization.
        
        within a domain, there are are kingdoms.
        
        without kingdoms, there are phyla.
        
        within phyla are classes
        
        within classes are orders.
        
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- - - - Darwin was amazed by the tremendous diversity of living things that he saw.
    - - Darwin saw fossils of animals that had dies long ago, and most were big animals that went extinct.
  - - - Darwin studied other examples of changes in living things to help him understand how evolution might occur.
  - - - since food and other resources are limited, members of a species must compete to survive.
    - - a change in the environment can affect an organism's ability to survive.
- - - - by examining fossils, scientists can infer the structures of ancient organisms. fossils show that in many cases, organisms that lived in the past were very different then organisms alive today.
      - body structure similarities
        
        long ago, scientists began to compare body structures of living species to look for clues for evolution.
  - - - species inherited many of the same genes from a common ancestor.
    - - in most cases, evidence from DNA and protein structure has confirmed conclusions based on fossils, embryos, and body structure.
      - scientists combined animals in a form called branching trees.