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ACUTE GINGIVAL CONDITIONS (NON-PLAQUE INDUCED) (SYSTEMIC (MUCOCUTANEOUS…
ACUTE GINGIVAL CONDITIONS (NON-PLAQUE INDUCED)
INFECTIVE
BACTERIAL
INFECTIVE GINGIVITIS by e.g. Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonnorhea, Streptococci
Usually result in erythematous, painful lesions, requires BIOPSY to confirm
ACUTE GINGIVAL/PERIODONTAL/PERICORONAL ABCESSES
ACUTE NECROTISING ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS caused by FUSOBACTERIA and SPIROCHAETES
FUNGAL
CANDIDIASIS
ACUTE PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS - white patches that can be removed
ACUTE ERYTHEMATOUS - erythematous mucosa only
HISTOPLASMOSIS - rare systemic fungal infections in mainly immunocompromised
LINEAR GINGIVAL ERYTHEMA - in immunocompromised
VIRAL
RECURRENT ORAL HERPES - secondary infection due to reactivation of LATENT HSV, usually herpes labialis but can be mucosal lesions
PRIMARY HERPETIC GINGIVOSTOMATITIS - usually children and HSV1, as it is 1st infection, can be systemically unwell too
VARICELLA ZOSTER - 'Chicken Pox', similar to HSV, first PRIMARY infection which can cause oral lesions, and so can REACTIVATION 'shingles' if older
TRAUMA
CHEMICAL
IATROGENIC - e.g. acid etch, sodium hypochlorite burns
PATIENT - ASPIRIN burns
PHYSICAL
PATIENT - e.g. hard/sharp food, fingernails
DEBRIS - foreign body
IATROGENIC - retraction cords, polishing discs
THERMAL
HOT food/drink
IATROGENIC - e.g. Cavitron with poor water coolant
SYSTEMIC
ALLERGY
DENTAL MATERIALS
DIET - food/toothpastes/medications
ENDOCRINE
PREGNANCY
Gingivitis
Pyogenic granuloma
PUBERTY associated gingivitis
MUCOCUTANEOUS
Lichen planus - usually white striations
Bullous pemphigoid - autoimmune disorder; antibodies attack basement membrane between epithelium and connective tissue
Pemphigus vulgaris - atutoimmune disorder; usually ulcerative lesions
Erythema multiforme - autoimmune disorder; characterised by rings on skin and lesions in mouth
BLOOD DISORDERS
Neutropaenia - ulcerations at gingival margin
Leukaemia associated gingivitis
Treatment for conditions like ANUG is chlorhexidine mouthwash, debridement, OHI and potentially antibiotics if systemically unwell