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Problems in the Liberal state by 1900 (Economic and social (Steel…
Problems in the Liberal state by 1900
Economic and social
Steel production in 1910 was 0.7 million tonnes, France was at 3.4.
High government debt and high tax on the poor
Northern industrialisation increased the north south divide
Very little coal to make stuff like iron
GDP increased around 4% between 1860-1896, compared to 40-50% in Britain and France
The Catholic Church
Pope had been ruler of the Papal states through central Italy and lost land through Italian unification
He was left with the Vatican and so he denounced Italy
The pope thought liberalism was a sin as it accepted religious freedom and to him catholic Christianity was the only religion
He encouraged the Catholics to boycott elections, and this was reinforced by priests who were the main contact of many people
He was worried about Socialism and so in 1904 permitted Catholics to vote, providing it was for the Catholics, as it would defeat socialism
Lack of national identity
The north south divide created issues over quality of life
Lots of unrest in the South because of this
Large volume of dialects made it hard to reach national unity
Italians felt a sense of pride in campanilismo, which was a sense of pride from the local towns and villages, rather than Italy as a whole.
Foreign policy
An aggressive foreign policy could unify the country, but the Italians were not satisfied as they didn't win land
Political issues
Most people were uninvolved with politics, and couldn't vote, but still payed taxes
Politicians were seen as very corrupt, due to low volume of voting, and policies rarely helped the people
They tried to set prefects to run areas who could be bribed.