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CHAPTER 3 : INTERNET TECHNOLOGY (3.2 The Internet) (Internet Service…
CHAPTER 3 : INTERNET TECHNOLOGY (3.2 The Internet)
•The
Internet
is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.
DISADVANTAGES
malware threats
pornography
expose of information theft
cause addiction
ADVANTAGES
entertainment
provide unlimited access
information
provide convenience
communication
The Intranet
•A private network of an organization which uses internet technologies to share organization’s information or operations with its employees.
•Facilitate communication and operations among employees within an organization.
•Example of intranet:
–KMK Intranet – provides email, Student information system, Web server, printer server, and access to the Internet.
The Extranet
•A private network of an organization that securely share parts of organization’s information with its suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other organizations.
•Facilitate communication and business operations between the organization and related people or organizations.
•Example of extranet:
–Package shipping company that allow their customers to access their intranet to print shipment bills, schedule pick-ups, and even track shipped packages.
The Internet Connection
•Internet access is the process that enables individuals and organizations to connect to the Internet using computer terminals, computers, mobile devices, sometimes via computer networks.
Types
•Dial-up
•Characteristics of dial-up connection:
–Slow-speed connection
–Low data transfer rate
–Temporary connection
–Lower cost
•Example:
–Dial-up provided by TMNet
•A slow-speed Internet connection that provides Internet access by using a standard telephone line and dial-up modem.
•Broadband
•Characteristics of broadband connection:
–High-speed connection
–Fast data transfer rate
–Permanent, direct or always-on connection
–Higher cost compared to dial-up
Types
–Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
• A high-speed Internet connection that
provides internet access by using standard
telephone line and DSL modem.
–Fiber to the premises (FTTP)
• A high-speed Internet connection that
provides internet access by using fiber-optic
cable and fiber modem.
–Cable Internet Service
• A high-speed Internet connection that
provides internet access using TV cable
(provided by cable television network) and cable modem
–Fixed Wireless
• A high-speed Internet connection that
provides internet access by using a dish-
shaped antenna on a building which
communicate with a tower location via radio signals.
–Cellular Radio Network
• A high-speed Internet connection that
provides internet access using cellular radio
signals and wireless device/modem.
–Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)
• A high-speed Internet connection that
provides internet access using broadcast radio
signals, wireless device/modem, and wireless access point
–Satellite Internet Service
• A high-speed Internet connection that
provides internet access by using satellite dish
that communicate with a satellite modem via microwave.
•Broadband connection refers to any type of high-speed Internet connection that involve the use of high-speed transmission media and communication device to transmit data.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
•Internet Service Provider (ISP) is an organization that provides Internet access to individuals and organizations.
Responsibilities of ISP
•Provide and maintain a connection to the Internet
•Provide hardware and software support to the connection
•Protect against external threats such as viruses, hackers and other illegal activities
•Provide 24-hour customer service and technical support
Examples of the ISP in Malaysia
•TMNet
•MAXIS
•Celcom
•DiGi
•YTL
•The Internet relies on an addressing system much like the postal service to send data and information to a computer at a specific destination.
IP Address
a unique number used to locate and identify a computer or device on a network
•Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)
–The most widely used version of IP address.
–IPv4 uses a 32-bit address scheme allowing for a total of 232 addresses.
•Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)
–The new version of IP address which has more capabilities than IPv4 in providing more IP addresses.
–IPv6 uses a 128-bit address scheme allowing for a total of 2128 addresses
The importance of IPv6
to accommodate this
increased demand by providing a much larger
address space, along with improved traffic
routing and better security
Structure of IPv4 Address
• Each IPv4 address is made up of four groups of
numbers, that range from 0 to 255, separated
by a period.
• Examples of IPv4 addresses:
– 10.20.20.16
– 172.16.200.99
Structure of IPv6 Address
• Each IPv6 address is represented as eight
groups of four hexadecimal digits, separated
by colons (:)
• Examples of IPV6 address (full notation):
– 2001:0db8:00a7:8ac4:0234:7bff:fe19:223c
– 2001:0db8:0a0b:12f0:0000:0000:0000:0001
Advantages of IPv6
• Larger IP address space - provide enough
address space for many decades to come
• Better security
• Better support for real time
• Includes Plug and play
• Better optimization
Domain Name
• A domain name is the text version of an IP
address.
• Examples:
– www.google.com
– www.kmk.matrik.edu.my
World Wide Web
the Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (or Webpages)
• Web page refers to an electronic document on the Web which can contain text, graphics, animation, audio, and video.
• Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items such as documents and pictures, stored on a Web server.
Web Address
Components of Web Address
• Protocol
• Domain Name
• Path
• Web Page Name
Navigation
• Browsing, web surfing, or navigating the Web
refers to the activity of using a Web browser
to view web pages, and to move from one
Web page to another through hyperlinks.
Hypertext
• Refers to text which contains link to other text
Hypermedia
• Refers to text or image that contains link not
only to text, but also to other forms of media such as graphic, audio and video.
Search Tools
• Search tool is a program available on the
Internet to help you find information among
the millions of documents on the Web.
Search Engine
•Search engine is a search tool that finds Web sites, Web pages, images, and other information related to a specific topic.
Subject Directory
•Subject directory is a search tool that classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories and subcategories.
Examples of Search Tools
•Google (
http://www.google.com
)
•Yahoo! (
http://www.yahoo.com
)
•MSN (
http://www.msn.com
)
•Gigablast (
http://www.gigablast.com
)
•Excite (
http://www.excite.com
)