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Parenting and Caring (factors affecting the roles of parents and carers…
Parenting and Caring
factors affecting the roles of parents and carers
characteristics of dependant
Age
emotional- young person may not have maturity to become parent or carer
physical- strain on the body
financial- may need assistance
(formal=govt or informal= family)
The relationship between a parent and care can be influenced by age gap.
smaller=friendship
older parent will have more experience and may cope emotionally. May have physical issues-infertility and back issues
Skills & Capabilities
Age- gain new skills to help assist in carer
e.g older child my develop skills around the home to assist their carers with house work
Special Needs
medical, intellectual, physical disability require extra assistance from their parents.
children with additional needs ere met.
Influences on parents and carers
Personal
CROPMESS
Own Upbrininging
Parents and cares own upbringing will influence aspects of their own parenting style
Negative experience may result in caring differently or opposite to own cares e.g a parent who experienced violence may vow to never get into that type of situation as a parent
Religion/ Spirituality
impact on personal well being/ upbringing.
gain a code or a way of life based on morality
Previous Experience
influence parent or carer for subsequent dependents
A parent may feel very unprepared when having first child. This will feel very different when having a second as they will have more experience
Culture, Customs & Traditions
impact child upbringing
entail specific customs & traditions can be very influential e.g.
Multiple Commitments
Parents and carers are typically committed to family, work, sport, leisure and socialise.
Developing a balance & planning how much time to spend on these areas can be hard impacting well being of you and dependants
Education
Educated people have more knowledge & understanding of parenting and caring values & responsibilities.
more aware of services available & how to access them
e.g, one parent more educated then other, may lead to resentment & poor communication between parents
Socioeconomic status
a person or families social and economic position in comparision withh other individuals & famalies.
impacts on how they form relationships with both dependents and others
SES= income, education, occupation
Special needs
learn to cope with their dependants disability & change their life according to cater for their needs
parents & carers seek emotional assistance to support negative impacts of caring for a person with a disability.
Social
MCG
Media stereotypes
Advertising often depict females in nursing/ caring jobs & males in trade & corporate roles
+Media has enabled carers and dependent to access financial support, which makes the caring role easier & allows stronger bond with dependent.
Community Attitudes
'norms' of the area
vaccinations are another topic of question that creates hostillity between parents with different opionions
+Dependants should recieve care based on priority and cirumstancesi.e.
government funding should be directed towards health, childcare etc not enough is provided ( carer numbers insufficient)
Gender Expectations
A child's concept of being 'male' or 'female' comes from the observing their parents and carers behaviour
Flexibility in gender roles leads to less conflict & greater cooperation in parenting & caring
More females than males in caring industry- nursing , gender role this reinforces that females are more nurturing & 'belong' in caring role
styles of parenting & caring
Indulgent/ permissive
Indulge( give and spoil) children /dependants in a way similar to buying love ans being excessively lenient.
+The child will be given anything they need or want, easier for parent to feel loved by children- vise versa, promoting emotional well being
-The child will not, develop any skills they need to succeed later in life i.e self-management, saving money not over indulging themselves, may be determental to social or physical well being
Democratic
Allows, children / dependants to put in their opinion & views before a decision is made
+Dependant feels as though their well being is actually being considered, given a voice, cared for, boosting physical and emotional well being
-Dependants may think they have a voice in every decision
Negligent
Lacking in supporting the basic needs of dependent ( clothing, shelter, food or safety) result in child/ dependants well being.
+Teaching their children to be more independent & authoritarian over their own life, boost to social & physical well being once they have learnt to do it.
-Feel insignificant & worthless like they don't matter, cause poor physical, emotional, social well being.
Authoritarian
Demanding & inflexible, only caring about one opinion, have own ideas about how to parent & will stick to these no matter what
+i.e. a social worker with a foster child who has a rough case, make it easier to have the child submit to behaving & lead better life. Improve social,economic, emotional & physical well being '
-Dependant may feel like they have no voice & not valued as a person, cause a decline emotional well being in the dependant
rights & responsibilities in parenting & caring
Responsibilities
Setting Limits
Every dependants right to have firm guidelines & limits, know what of expected of them
learn about fairness
-respect others
foster their self esteem
Discipline
Parents & carers should establish clear rules & practise discipline that is understood by their dependants
Duty of Care
Legal right that society that parents& carers are the individuals who must meet the needs and well being of their dependants and
Legal rights
Carers
receive financial assistance, centre link, family & community services
request flexible work arrangements
act as an advocate for dependant when required
Children
autonomy of children- right to make decisions
medical treatment- over the age of 14 make own decisions
inheritance- children have no absolute right to inherit their parents property after death
claim law provisions
Dependants
participate in decisions
be protected from neglect and abuse
be part of the community
receive services e.g. medical support
Parents
discipline the child through
ensure access to education
attend the child's medical treatment( up to age 14)
take legal proceedings on child's behalf
determine a child's upbringing regarding daily care & control
becoming a parent or career
types of parents and careers
Biolgical Parent:
one who contributes genetic material as a result of a sexual intercourse or assisted reproduction technologies
ICSI- single sperm is injected directly into a egg inside the women Fallopian tubes
GIFT- the sperm and eggs are removed and placed in to the Fallopian types where fertilisation will hopefully take place
IVF- process of fertilising eggs with sperm outside of human body
Social parents
FASS
step-parenting- man or women who marries or a in defacto relationship with a partner who has child or children from a previous relationship.
surrogacy- arrangement between a couple who cannot have a baby and a women gets pregnant on the couples behalf;the child is handed on to the couple after delivery
adoption- legal process where all rights and responsibilities are transferred from birth parents to adoptive parents.
fostering- alternative living arrangement for children, parents are unable to care for them in the family home
Careers
primary- a person who provides the most informal assistance, hep or supervision to a person with one or more disabilities or who is aged 60 years and over
informal- a person, such as a family member, friend or neighbour, giving regular, ongoing assistance to another person without payment. e.g. grandmother who cares for granddaughter.
formal- trained professionals, formal agencies or institutions paid for by the receiver. e.g. aged carer, nurse, palliative carer etc
the roles of parents a carers
Peanut Butter Sandwich
Satisfying the specific needs
(SHESEA)
adequate standard of living
parents expected to provide fodd, clothing(clean) and shelter (safety and security)
encourage healthy habits e.g. hydration
assist with hygiene via physical assistance or promoting
care for medical health needs
education should be provided and assisting in the encouragement in further education.
Building a positive relationship with the dependant
Realtionship where both grow as a result of the interaction
Can occur form birth through love and affection
Parents provide opportunities for dependants to develop independence and resilience
Model appropriate behaviour
Carers can help by providing assistance when needed but still allowing for independance
It can be difficult when the dependant used to be of equal higher status
cognitive, social, emotional & childern naturally observe = learn
Promoting the well being of the dependant
Well being affected by how well needs are met
Parents and carers should provide opportunities to develop and support positive
Good role modelling healthy behaviours that result in a sense of well being e.g. parents are role models of their children
well being
Social
Physical
Emotional
Economic
Cultural
Spirtual
preparations for becoming a parent or carer
COME
Changing health behaviours
e.g. nutrition, physical activity, social or spiritual connection.
Parent
eat healthier, nutritious foods avoiding listeria bacteria
drink 2L of water a day
increase folic acid intake
attend prenatal classes
practicing relaxation techniques
-participating in regular low impact activities
Carers
eating a variety of healthy foods
engaing in physical activity
investigationg local support groups
meeting with other carers
engaging in relaxtion techniques
Organising finances
e.g. budgeting, saving, support payments
Parent
budgeting and saving
investigate potential costs such as an obstetrician, hospitalisation, medical expenses, equipment, clothing, nappies etc
saving to cater time off work
Carers
budgeting and saving
potential costs of modifying the environment, education & training, specialised equipment, etc
savings time off work
Moving the physical environment
e.g. housing, amenities, equipment
Parent
moving from one bedroom house to a larger 3-3 bedroom
adding change facillities creating safe play areas
rails, ramps, non-slip for aged individuals
Cots, baths, safety gates, highchairs for babies
Carers
prepare their living arrganements to suit the carer for depenfdant
find place to safely store wheelchairs, walking frames and other specialised equipment
Enhancing knowledge and skills
e,g, eduaction, information, training
Parent
education and trainig can begin with prenatal and postnaltal
information can be gained from sources from reptable professionals
magazines( Practical parenting)
websites (Raising Children Network)
important to use reliable sources
be aware of inaccurate media
Carer
informal carers may take online course or workshop
university degrees on nursing, early childhood & aged care
s
upport for parents & carers
types of support
informal
relatives, friends, neighbours
formal
government agencies i.e. Centrelink, Family and Community Services
community organisations i.e. Salvation Army, The Smiths Family
types of services provided through formal support
childcare
preschools, kindergarten, long daycare, occasional care, family day care, vacation care
respite care
hospital, aged care facillity, day centre, ependants home
financial support
Government (centrelink)
Welfare Agencies
counselling
Unifam Counselling NSW
Relationships Australia. Parent line, Tersillian, Karitane, Catholic care
education
Australian Breastfeeding Association
Australian Multiple birth association
Fostering NSW
Australian Department of Social Services
Carers Australia
Karitane
Tersillian
health care
family, doctor, obstetrician, midwife, paediatrician. nurse,