(P) Digestion and Enzymes
Digestion
The breakdown of food
Stages in feeding
Food is taken into the mouth
The food is broken down or digested
Dissolved particles of food are carried by the bloodstream to cells
Food is used by the body for different purposes
Waste material is released from the system
Digestive System
Mouth
Physical digestion
When the teeth cut and chew the food into smaller pieces
Allows chemical digestion to work better
Chemical digestion
Enzyme is used to breakdown food
Saliva helps soften food
Amylase digests starch
Teeth
Four types
Incisors
Have a sharp edges
Cut, slice and nibble food
Canines
Long and pointed
Grip and tear food
Premolars
Large, rounded teeth
Chewing, crushing and grinding food
Molers
Larger teeth
Chewing, crushing and grinding food
Oesophagus
Muscular tube
Forces food to the stomach with a wave of muscular action
Simulated by fibre in our diet
Stomach
Muscular bag which traps food for a few hours
Acid kills bacteria and softens food
Produces enzymes which chemically digest foods
Churns and physically digests ad mixes food
Small intestine
Produces many more enzymes
Lower food passes into the bloodstream
Liver
Complex organ
Produce a liquid called bile
Bile helps digest fat in the small intestine
Pancreas
Produces a range of enzymes
Enzymes pass into the small intestine
Large Intestine
Takes water back into the bloodstream
Semi-solid waste material
Enzymes Action
A protein that speeds up a reaction without being used up in the reaction
Reaction such as
The growth of muscles
The production of hai
The formation of blood cells
Breakdown of poisons substances
Product
The substance produced as a result of the action of an enzyme
Substrate
The substance that an enzyme acts on