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Why is the World Population Increasing? (Natural Increase (The Demographic…
Why is the World Population Increasing?
Summary:
Developed countries have lower rates of Natural Increase, Crude Birth, Total Fertility and Infant Mortality
Developing countries have higher rates of Natural Increase, Crude Birth, Total Fertility and Infant Mortality
Natural Increase
Definitions
Natural Increase Rate
The percentage by which a population grows in a year
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics
Total Fertility Rate
The measure of the number of births in society
Population Growth in History
Double Time is the number of years needed to double a population
World is expected to double in about 54 years
Life Expectancy is the average number of years a person can be expected to live given the conditions of the era
Regional Variations in NIR
More than 95 percent of the NIR is happening in developing countries
The NIR exceeds 2.0 percent in Africa and Europe it's negative
Most of the world's additional population is located in areas that aren't able to maintain them
Births and Deaths
Fertility
The Crude Birth Rate is the total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people alive in a society
The world map of CBR mirrors distribution of NIR
The highest CBR rates are in Africa and the lowest are in Europe
Mortality
Crude Death Rate
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society
The combined CDR of all developing countries is actually lower than all the developed countries combined
The gap between the highest and lowest CDR's is actually way less than CBR
The Demographic Transition
Definitions
Demographic Transition
A process of change in a society's population from high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and higher total population
Stage 1
Characteristics include very high CBR, very high CDR and a very low NIR
Most of human history was spent here but now no country is in this stage
Population increased when food became easily obtained and decreased when food became hard to access
Stage 2
Characteristics include high CBR, rapid decline in CDR and a very high NIR
Industrial Revolution is having major improvements in making goods and delivering them, this helped Europe and the USA to become stage 2
Medical Revolution is the improvement of medical technology and training, this has moved to developing countries as well
Stage 3
Characteristics include rapidly declining CBR, moderately declining CDR and a moderate NIR
Countries move from stage 2 to stage 3 when there is a sharp drop in CBR, also rate of natural increase is modest in stage 3 because the gap between CBR and CDR narrows
People are more likely to have less kids if they live in the city than the country
Stage 4
Characteristics include very low CBR, low or slightly increasing CDR and zero or negative NIR
Zero Population Growth is when a countries population growth is either negative or zero
Women in stage 4 countries usually have jobs rather than staying at home, also to account for outliers geographers define ZPG as the TFR that results in a lack of change in the total population over a long time period