Romanticism and Realism (1800s)
Canon
Context
Romanticism
Realism
Eugene Delacroix, Liberty Guiding the people 1st half 19th C.
Franscisco Goya, Third of May, 1808, 1st half 19th C.
William Turner, The Slave Ship, 1st half 19th C.
Rosa Bonheur, Plowing in the Nivernais, 1st half 19th C.
Gustave Courbet, L'Origine du Monde, 2nd half 19th C.
(Eduoard Manet, Le Dejeuner sur l'Herbe, 2nd half 19th C.)
'Grand Empire' of Napoleon, neoclassicism good for propoganda
Promises of enlightenment had failed, disillusioned society
In an industrial world, the longing for the 'romantic' country days came
China opened its borders in 1850 (?)
Weltschmertz, mal du siecle
Romanticist art
Sculpture fell out of taste
La Marseillase (1833-36)
Gothic revival in architecture and the opera houses
Philosophy
Hegel, society as a dynamic process
Rousseau and the concept of self
Emerson and transcendentalism
Thoreau - loves nature
The antislavery movement, the civil war, the crimean war
Literature
William Blake = art is a calling
Wordsworth and Coleridge = the lake poets
Lord Byron = hero
Emily Bronte = Withering Heights
Goethe = Sturm und drang
Realist art
Romantic art = only for the rich elite
Not a return to neo-classicism as this was also elitist
Step back from subjective to expressive
1848 - a year of revolution
Art is also a part of revolutionary politics; no romantic glorification, themes, working classes etc
Literature
Jane Austen - between enlightenment and realism
Charlotte Bronte - Jane Eyre (1847)
Charles Dickens - Oliver Twist
Russia and psychological realism; Larger emphasis on moral realism - dealt and dissected with all sides of russian society
Tolstoj - major developments affect normal people
Dostojevski - Anxieties in everyday life affects behaviour