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Life Stages (Birth - 18 months (Cognitive (Development of 5 senses…

- - - - Understanding concepts such as shape and colour
        
        Identify noises
        
        Play
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by looking in the mirror and encouraging their child to point at their nose, eyes and mouth, this will help the child identify their own facial features and will promote their cognitive development.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by exploring music and singing to the child. The adult can also just talk to the baby often as this will help the child identify and be familiar with the adult's voice.
        
        The adult can meet the child's needs by showing the child different shapes and colours and explaining what they are, the adult can do this by providing simple puzzle games, the child should be able to identify different shapes and colours by 18 months.
      - The adult can meet the needs of the child by providing skin to skin contact with the baby, this will help strengthen the bond and attachment between adult and child. The adult can also provide the child with a soft object such as a toy or a blanket.The adult can also make eye contact with the child and focus on their face, this will help with the babies development of their sight.
  - - - Communicating through speech and sounds
        
        Singing
        
        Reading
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by reading to them often, a bed time story every night will help the child to identify and acknowledge words, it could also help the child's speech as they may begin to say simple words that are often repeated.
        
        The adult can meet the babies needs by singing to them and also listening to music with them, this will help them identify sounds and words. I will also strengthen the bond and attachment between adult and child.
        
        The adult meets the needs of the child by showing love and affection to the baby when they're crying, this will help gain a strong bond between parent/gaurdian and child. The adult can also provide toys that make a noise such as animal toys, this will encourage the child to make noises.
      - The adult meets the needs by encouraging the child to say simple words such as 'mum' 'dad' and also familiar objects such as 'car' and 'book'. The adult can also read to the child so that they are familiar with certain words.
  - - - Having a balanced and nutritious diet
        
        Sleep
        
        Warmth
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by providing suitable clothing and also making sure the babies room is warm enough and also providing blankets and even gloves and jackets when the baby is cold.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by ensuring they get enough sleep and are well rested, to ensure this happens the adult can talk and sing to the baby as well as going for a walk and giving the baby lots of fresh air and also holding the baby close to them and comforting the child.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by providing healthy nutritious food for the child to eat. This will help the child to grow and develop at the rate they should.
      - The adult can meet the needs by encouraging the child to clap and touch fingers, also encouraging the child to crawl/begin to walk independently.
  - - - Interacting with family and people outside family
        
        Affection from key care giver
        
        Encouragement and praise from key care giver
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging and praising the child when they do something good. The adult can reward the child with a toy or treat when they have been well behaved or met a milestone or another achievement.This will also strengthen the bond between adult and child.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by showing affection when they cry or when they fall over, the adult can give hugs and kisses to the child and this will develop a strong bond between the two.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by playing games like 'peek a boo' and 'pat a cake' to develop interaction and to create a bond with the child.
      - The adult can meet the needs of the child by meeting the childs basic needs, when the baby can count on the adult and trust them to meet his/her basic needs for food, love, affection and stimulation, the attachment becomes stronger and he/she learns to trust the adult and the world around him/her.
- - - - Read, write and learn to spell
        
        Counting
        
        Understanding what they read
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by explaining how things work and what they are. The adult can also provide a children's dictionary for the child to explore and understand new words. It can also help to read with your child every day, for example a bed time story each night.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by providing and playing games where the child has to count numbers, the adult can also show the child how numbers are used in every day life and even get them to help in activities such as weighing ingredients for cooking etc.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging them to write their own names, even reciting the alphabet with their child. Reading to the child will also help them in learning to read, write and spell as it will help them identify words and sounds.
      - The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging them to talk about their day at nursery/school . The adult can also just make themselves available to just listen to the child and show that they are interested in what the child has to say.
  - - - Understanding their environment
        
        Memory and recall
        
        Understanding concepts such as time
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by teaching the child the general concepts of time for example in the morning we eat breakfast and brush our teeth, at noon we eat lunch and at night time we read a book and go to sleep. They can ask the children what happens at morning and what happens at night.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by playing memory games and working on the child's visualisation skills, the adult can also encourage active reading, asking questions after and talking out loud about the reading material can also help.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by providing a safe and secure environment for the child to explore and be comfortable in, this will make it easier for the child to understand and be aware of their environment.
      - The adult can meet the needs of the child by providing the child with materials to let them express their feelings and thoughts, for example a diary where they may write down their thoughts or a notepad and some pens where they can express their thoughts through drawing.
  - - - Having a balanced and nutritious diet
        
        Developing own personal cleanliness
        
        Safety
        
        The adult can meet the child's needs of safety by making sure things that anything that may harm the child are well out of their way and also learning the child of risks and the precautions they can take to be safe, for example wearing a helmet when riding their bike.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging them to wash their hands and brush their teeth often. The adult can also encourage the child to tidy up after themselves, this will also develop their own personal cleanliness and hygiene.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child and ensure they have a balanced and healthy diet by getting them involved in the cooking or food shopping, this will make them more interested and will encourage them to eat healthy foods. Giving the child a choice will also encourage them as they will feel like it is their own decision on simple choices like an apple or a banana.
      - The adult can meet the needs of the child by joining them to football teams or dancing schools, this will motivate them to exercise and also will enable them to make new friends and develop on their communication skills.
  - - - The adult can meet the needs of the child and encourage the child to share by teaching their child co-operative games where the child has to share or work with others, this will make it fun and will encourage the child to share with peers.
    - - The adult can meet the needs of the child by making time to play with their child, this will develop the child's social skills. Allowing your child to also try a range of activities will mean they will have a wider range of interests and they will find it easier to have things in common with other children. The adult can also invite other children for play dates, this will help the child to establish friendships and communication skills.
    - - The adult can meet the child's needs by giving the child choices, even simple choices such as cereal or pancakes for breakfast, doing this can make the child feel empowered and also contribute to their self esteem.
    - - The adult can meet the needs of the child by being patient and letting the child work things out for themselves such as dressing themselves, this will help the child learn new skills and the more challenges the child meets then the more competent and confident they will feel, therefore gaining self esteem.
- - - - Decision making
        
        Problem solving
        
        Imaginative thinkers
        
        The needs of the child are met through school as the child is encouraged to be creative and use their imagination more, for example in essay writing in english to even drawing/creating something in art, this also lets them develop their thoughts and ideas creatively.
        
        The needs of the child can be met through school, such subjects as mathematics require a great deal of problem solving.
        
        The needs of the child are met through the adult giving more responsibility to the child and allowing the child to make more decisions on their own, for example wearing what they want to wear and doing what they want to do on weekends etc. This also gives the child more independence and creates trust between adult and child.
      - The needs of the child are met through life experiences, the adult can also have an impact on what the child thinks is right and wrong and how to react to certain situations.
  - - - Communication
        
        Social interaction
        
        Vocabulary
        
        The needs of the child are met through school where they will learn multiple words a day and their meaning, this will expand their vocabulary and conversation skills, they may also explained their vocabulary from home by talking and interacting with parents.
        
        The needs are met through building friendships and relationships and being able to socially interact with people through the use of language skills such as persuasion and negotiation.
        
        The needs of the child can be met by communication through the internet and social media with friends, as the child is now older, the child knows how to work technology. The need of communication can also be met by the parent showing respect in the child's opinion and making themselves available to listen and give advice. This will strengthen the bond between adult and child as there will be a mutual respect between the two.
      - The needs of the child are met through school at this point as they start developing their language and grammar at a much greater level. The adult will still be there as a support to the child through homework .
  - - - Friendships
        
        Being independent
        
        Developing and exploring a sexual identity
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the adolescent by learning them of safe sex and the precautions to take , the adult can also be understanding and be open to talk so that the adolescent feels comfortable.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging them to get a part time job, this will give the child more responsibility and a sense of freedom.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging them to go out and do activities with friends, invite their friends over so that you can get to now them as well. The adult can also teach the child that sometimes there is conflict and even the best of friends fight and not every argument will lead to the end of a friendship.
      - The adult can meet the needs of the adolescent by respecting their privacy, this can be done by knocking before entering their room and checking if they would like you to be there when they see the doctor. This will also ensure a form of trust between the adult and child.
  - - - Exercise
        
        Experiencing sex
        
        Puberty
        
        The needs of the adolescent experiencing puberty are met through the adult making sure the adolescent is aware of the changes that are happening to their body and why they are happening.
        
        The needs of experiencing sex will be met though meeting partners and being involved in relationships. The role of the adult is just to make sure that the child is aware of any diseases and how to prevent getting these diseases as well as preventing pregnancy, so providing their teen with safe sex materials such as condoms.
        
        The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging them to participate in activities and even joining in on activities with them. This will also create a bond and a good relationship between adult and child.
      - The adult can meet the needs of the child by encouraging them to tidy up after themselves and look after themselves, by this point they should be tidying up their own rooms and washing themselves.