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The Cardiovascular System (The Double-Circulatory System (The Systemic…
The Cardiovascular System
The Double-Circulatory System
The
Systemic Circuit
is between the heart and the other organs
The Systemic Circuit transports
blood
around the
body
. It transports
oxygen
and
nutrients
to the
body tissues
, and
carries away deoxygenated blood
containing
carbon dioxide
and
other waste materials.
The
Pulmonary Circuit
is between the heart and lungs
In the
Pulmonary Circuit
, the blood is
oxygenated
and then carries back to the
heart
.
Gaseous Exchange
happens in the
lungs
.
Carbon Dioxide
diffuses from the
blood
into the air in the
Alveoli
Oxygen
diffuses from the air in the Alveoli into the
blood
, and is
absorbed
by
haemoglobin
in the
RBCs
The human circulatory system is a
Double Circulatory System
. It has two separate circuits and blood passes through the heart twice.
Types of Blood Vessels
Arteries
: Carry
blood away from the heart.
Thick
muscular walls allow them to carry blood flowing at
high
pressures
Veins
: Carry
blood toward the heart
.
Thin
wall allow them to carry blood toward the heart at
low
pressures
Capillaries
: Carry
blood through the body
to
exchange oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients
with body
tissues
.
Thin
walls so substances can
pass through easily
The Pathway of Blood around the Body
Left Side
Oxygenated blood
from the
lungs
enter the
left atrium
through the
pulmonary veins
.
The left atrium
contracts
pushing the blood through the
bicuspid valve
into the
left ventricle
The left ventricle
contracts
, pushing the blood through the
left semi-lunar valve
into the
arota
which carries
oxygenated blood
to the rest of the
body
Right Side
When the muscles have used the oxygen in the blood, it becomes
deoxygenated
It then enters the
right atrium
through the
vena cava
The right atrium
contracts
, pushing the blood through the
tricuspid valve
into the
right ventricle
The right ventricle
contracts
, pushing the blood through the
right semi-lunar valve
into the
pulmonary artery
, which carries the blood to the
lungs
to be
oxygenated
again
Heart Rate
: The
number
of times your heart
beats
in
one
minute (
bpm
)
Stroke Volume
: The
volume
of blood pumped with
each heartbeat
by
each ventricle
in the heart
Cardiac Output
: The
volume
of blood pumped by
each
ventricle in the heart
per minute
Role of Red Blood Cells
To carry
oxygen
around the
body
so it can be used to
release energy
needed by
muscles
during
physical activity