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Cardiovascular System (Blood) (Formed Elements (HEMOPOIESIS…
Cardiovascular System (Blood)
Components of Blood
Cardio=HEART
Vascular= Blood Vessels
Arteries
Transports blood away from the heart
Veins
Transports blood towards the heart
Capillaries
Vessels between Arteries and Veins-Capillaries are sites of exchange between blood and body tissues
Allows oxygen & nutrients to EXIT blood
Allows Carbon Dioxide & Cellular waste to enter the blood
BLOOD=
Carries oxygen from lung and carries CO2 to the lungs
Nutrients absorbed from GI Tract
Hormones released by endocrine glands
heat & waste products from systemic cells
Maintains body temp
blood absorbs heat from cells
heat is released from blood in passing and transports to vessels of skin
Body pH
blood absorbs acids & base from body cells which helps maintain pH of cells
Fluid Balance
There's a constant exchange of fluids from blood plasma, capillaries & interstitial fluid surrounding cells of the body's tissues
Blood Plasma
92% H20 7% protein 1%organic/inorganic molecules
ECF (extracellular fluid) bc it is body fluid found on OUTSIDE of the cell
Proteins include:
SEE PG 700
Plasma Proteins exert osmotic pressure which is a force that draws fluids into blood and prevents fluid loss (moves through capillaries)
this maintains blood volume & blood pressure (if osmotic pressure decreases so do the protein levels
Formed Elements
ERYTHROCYTES, LEUKOCYTES, & PLATELETS (45% OF WHOLE BLOOD)
Erythrocytes
Transports oxygen & carbon dioxide
lasts -120 days (also most abundant)
Leukocytes
(neutrophils, eosinophils,l basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes)
initiates immune response; defends against potentially harmful substances
neutrophils last 12hs Lymphocytes can last years
Platelets
participates in blood clotting
lasts 8-10 days
not all blood structures contain nuclei or organelles*
HEMOPOIESIS
Making blood/blood production from RED BONE MARROW (of certain bones)
HEMOCYTOBLASTS
Pluripotent cells (fancy 4
hemocytoblasts
) so they can develop into many different kinds of cells
MYELOID LINE
Myeloid Stem cell
can be Erythropoiesis (EPO) which results in Erythrocytes and/or Thrombopoiesis which makes cells for clotting aka Platelets
EPO is a hormone produced by kidneys and liver to increase the rate of production & maturation of erythroblast cells
LYMPHOID LINE
Forms only Lymphocytes