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Information Techonology (I.T) (Applications (Education (Examples (e…
Information Techonology (I.T)
Definition
Information technology is the use of computer hardware and software to store, retrieve and manipulate information.
Advantages
Makes communication become cheaper, quicker, and more efficient using email, instant messaging, video conference, social networking websites and various mobile applications
Allows people to share information more quickly and effectively even though they are separated by distance and language
Enhances business, increases productivity and profits by improving business processes and making them extremely cost effective.
Creates new and interesting jobs such as systems analyst, programmers, hardware and software developers and web designers.
Disadvantages
Violation of privacy as personal information shared on the network may not be protected properly.
Risk in public safety as users are exposed to crimes when they share photos, videos, and other personal information on the Internet.
Bad impact on labour force as IT creates job redundancies and reduces the number of workers needed.
Bad impact on the environment as computer manufacturing processes and computer waste are depleting natural resources and polluting the environment.
Applications
Education
Computers and networks have become the major part in educational institutions to improve and enhance education materials, activities and managements.
Examples
e-Learning - e-learning refers to the use of computers and networks to support learning activities and provide learning materials
Digital Library - A collection of documents in organized electronic form, available on the Internet or on CD-ROM, a user may be able to access magazines, books, journals, images, sound files, and videos.
Education Portal - Website that provides learning and training materials and services from several sources. Students can log on to the education portal for their university to see their current courses, fees, and other relevant information as well as download learning materials
Finance
Examples
Online banking - A system that allows individuals to perform banking activities such as bill payment and fund transfers through the internet
Online Investing - The process by which investors buy and sell securities through the Internet
Personal Finance Software - Special application software that helps individuals to manage personal income and expenses, and plan family budgets
Government
Government use IT to provide society with up-to-date information and services
Examples
E-Filing - Online system for declaring tax
HRMIS - Online system for updating government employees information
E-Penyata Gaji dan Laporan - Online system that allow users to view and print pay slip
Health Care
IT is used in health care for various purposes
Examples
Telemedicine-The practice of medicine through the use of all forms of data, visual and audio communication
Telesurgery-Allows a surgeon to perform an operation on a patient who is not located in the same physical room as the surgeon
Medical Website-A free Web site that provides consumer health information for patients, families, and health care providers
Publishing
Publishing is the process of making works, such as books, magazines, newspapers, music, film, and video, available to the public
Examples
Examples
Digital Newspaper
Digital Magazine / e-magazine
Digital Book / e-book
These applications reduce use of papers and provide convenience by allowing people to read newspapers, magazines or books online
Travel
Various IT applications helps in making travel more convenient
Examples
Online Reservation System - Many websites offer online reservation system for people to book for car, flight or hotel
Car Navigation System (GPS) - A system that is available in a vehicle or in a mobile device that helps users to track routes for specific location
Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) - A system that aims to eliminate the delay on toll roads by collecting tolls electronically
II
Applications
Science
All branches of science, from biology to astronomy to meteorology, use IT to assist them with collecting, analyzing and modeling data
Examples
Neural Network - A system that attempts to imitate the behavior of the human brain
Simulation - Scientists may use computers for simulation of complex events
Tiny Computers - Tiny computers are embedded into human body or organs to enhance health
Publishing
Publishing is the process of making works, such as books, magazines, newspapers, music, film, and video, available to the public
Examples
Examples
Digital Newspaper
Digital Magazine / e-magazine
Digital Book / e-book
These applications reduce use of papers and provide convenience by allowing people to read newspapers, magazines or books online
Manufacturing
Latest technology have help in making manufacturing process more effective
Examples
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) - the use of computer systems to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) - The use of computers to assist with manufacturing processes such as fabrication and assembly