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Ancient Egypt (Nile River (floods at same time every year; predictable;…
Ancient Egypt
Nile River
main provider of life in Egypt
Egypt= "gift of the nile"
flows south to north
floods at same time every year;
predictable; good for farming
creation of modern day calendar
made irrigation systems easy
Time Periods in Egypt
New Kingdom
origin of term "pharaoh"
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Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
Pharaohs
term "pharaoh" did not come about until New Kingdom
believed to be gods sent to earth to maintain ma'at (keep peace)
fancy tombs
pyramids
mummification
buried with all material possessions that were believed to be needed in the afterlife
Writing System
By 2500 BCE a cursive script was developed (symbols less obviously represented what they stood for)
developed a paper-like material from papyrus plants
People of Egypt
no "formal" social classes developed
kings and high ranking officials
lower level officials, local leaders, priests and other officials, artisans and well-to-do farmers
peasants (maj. of population)
woman subordinate to men but sill held power
could own, and inherit property, and will their property to others
women's role in marriage
either party could decide to end the marriage and each got to keep their own belongings
monogamous, consensual marriages agreed upon by both participants
Beliefs
Polytheistic
Re of Heliopolis
Ptah of Memphis
Amon of Thebes
became obsessed with the afterlife
pharaohs and high ranking officials mummified to preserve body
buried with jewels, riches, and other objects that were believed to be essential for survival in the afterlife
Geography of Egypt
joined together by Menes
lower egypt
upstream (south)
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upper egypt
downstream (north)
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