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1.2.4 What are the processes of catchment hydrology? (Stores in a drainage…
1.2.4
What are the processes of catchment hydrology?
Drainage Basin
The area of land which is drained by a particular river system.
It includes
tributaries
and
streams
which follow into a particular river.
Also referred to as a
river catchment
.
Main features: Ponds and lakes,
drainage divides (imaginary line alone which rain goes on one side or the other),
rivers and tributary systems.
Inputs
when water is
added
to the drainage basin as
precipitation
.
Outputs
when water
leaves
the drainage basin.
Evapotranspiration
Stream flow
Stores in a drainage basin
Rock
, groundwater
Rock must be
permeable
to store water (chalk)
Porous
rock acts like a
sponge
( chalk)
Pervious
rock has
joints, cracks and bedding planes
(limestone)
Soil
, soil moisture
Biomass storage
(plants & trees)
Rivers/streams
-> channels
Both a store and a flow
Lakes and ponds
, surface water
On the surface of leaves
, interception storage
Water Balance
Water flows
within a drainage basin
should be in
balance
.
Water flowing in = water flowing out + the amount of water in storage