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IT Infrastructure 1 (internet architecture (Internet (a worldwide…

- - - - WAN wide area network
  - - - NSFNET in 1986, which became a major component of the Internet
- - - - what if << slow & heavy trucks
      - how data get to destination
      - fiber optic cables << limitations
    - - packet switching protocal
        
        break down >> packets
        
        routed over different paths
        
        X end-to-end
      - IP packets
        
        conform to the IP
        specification
  - - - agreed by
        
        a standards organization
        
        industry consortium
    - - must speak the same language in a network
    - - packet formatting
      - routing
      - reordering
        
        receiving device
      - collision handling and management
    - - form packets
      - number packets in order
      - Send and receive packets and reorder them at destination
        
        Check for missing/duplicated/corrupted packets
      - Collision management
    - - routing packets to proper destination
      - address
        
        IP addressers
        
        every >> must
        
        IPv4
        
        dynamic IP
        
        IPv6
        
        hard to remember
        
        domain name
        
        TLDs
        
        7 most common Top Level Domains (TLDs)
        
        com, edu, gov, int, mil, net, org
        – Commercialsector
        – Educationsector
        – Governmentorganizationsanddepartments – Internationalorganizations(e.g.NATO)
        – Militarysites
        – Network providers
        – Non-profitorganizations(e.g.GreenPeace)
        
        a large number of country-specific TLDs
        
        domain name system (DNS)
        
        a distributed database of Internet names
        
        DNS Servers convert domain names to IP addresses
        
        URL
        
        a sequence of characters conforming to a standardized format, used for referring to resources
        
        Every piece of resource on the Internet identified by a unique URL
        
        Part of it is domain name
        
        website address + details = URL
        
        URL = path of file on your PC