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The Biomes of the World (TROPICAL RAINFOREST (There are four distinct…
The Biomes of the World 
TROPICAL RAINFOREST
This biome is located close to the equator, in regions of constant high temperatures, high humidity, and year-round precipitation. It is in the Tropical Wet Climate Zone and under the influence of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone.
The dominant plants found in this biome are tall, broadleaf evergreen trees such as Mahogany, Banyan, and Ironwood.
There are four distinct areas within the rainforest, each with unique properties. They are: emergent, canopy, understory, and forest floor.
The emergent layer contains very tall trees, often growing over 200 feet tall.
The canopy layer consists of hundreds of trees about 100 to 150 feet tall that have interconnecting branches and leaf matter.
The understory layer lies below the canopy in an area of shade and diffuse light because less than 10% of the available sunlight makes it past the canopy.
The forest floor is a dark, shady environment which receives very little of the available sunlight.
The world's main rainforests are located in Central and South America, Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and Northeast Australia.
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MEDITERRANEAN WOODLAND
This biome is found in association with the Mediterranean Climate Zone. Classical geographical locations include coastal portions of California, Spain, Portugal, Greece, and Italy to name a few.
There are several distinct plant communities represented in this biome, including woodland, shrub, and grassland.
Animals in this biome vary from region to region, but include the coyote, bobcat, roadrunner, and rabbit.
Fire is a very important aspect of this biome's composition. Fire destroys portions of tall shrubs that grow above the ground, the ash fertilizes the soil, and the heat of the fire cracks open dormant seed and removes toxins from the soil.
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ICE CAP & GLACIERS
There is no land-based food web. The animals that live in this biome get their food from the marine ecosystem.
Examples of animals include penguins and polar bears.
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This biome is in the Polar Ice Cap (EF) Climate Zone. The warmest month is below 32 F and the coldest is -40 F.
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