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Mind Map 4 (Chapter 43 Romantic symphonies (Romantic Characteristics…
Mind Map 4
Chapter 43 Romantic symphonies
Open for interpretation
Programatic
thought program music was a step backward
Didn't reach potential of music to express things beyond words
Absolute
relied on structures of sound for expression
Form was the most important organizing element
Romantic Characteristics
Singing melodies
Harmony is chromatic, dissonant, and expressive
Pieces longer
Forms expanded
New forms; Choral , Symphonic poem
Nationalism
Themes
Dreams/ Passion
Life and death , Destiny
God and nature
Good vs Evil
Setting
Moved to public concert halls
Larger orchestras
Dynamic range increases
Rise of conductor and performer
Johannes Brahms
Born Germany
Liked Folk music
Hailed by Schumann as future leader of
absolute music
Didn't start writing till age 40
Listening Guide 34 (No. 3 in F minor)
Romantic in tone classical in form
Aimed to show new/ important things
Cyclical
3rd Movement
Poco Allegreto
A-B-A
C-Minor
3 against 2 rhythm pattern
Melancholy , Waltz like
Chapter 38 Romantic Piano music
19th Century Piano
Central to western tradition
Amateurs / Professionals
Rise of virtuoso pianist
Technical improvements of Industrial Revolution
Home and concert halls
Lyric Piano Piece
Beyond Sonata and concerto
Nocturnes, Preludes, Dances
Character Piece
Solo piano = to song
Short
Fanciful titles
Projects melodious / dramatic moods
Frederic Chopin
Born in Poland
1831 went to Paris for rest of career
Social circle , famous composers, writers artists
Entire works revolve around Piano
Originated modern piano style
Must have technical skill to play his work
Listening Guide 29
Mazurka By Chopin
Mazurka
Lively triple meter dance
Mazurka in B-flat Minor, Op. 24, No. 4
Chromatic , Wide Ranges
Expressive depth
Form: A-B-A’-B-A’-C-C-D-A
Chopin Polonaise Op. 53
Wide range of keyboard
Heroic drum Polonaise
Form: Ternary and Rondo
Dedicated to friend/banker: Auguste Leo
Music and Passion
Romanticism
Break from Enlightenment ideals
Early 1800s
artists against society and convention
Bohemians
Indefinable discontent
Used to unsettle rather than soothe
Originality / self expression
Revolutions / Influences
French Revolution
Power transferred to middle class
Industrialization
Urbanization
Free enterprise
Democracy
Individualism
Early Symphony review
Began as italian opera ventures
Dance movement added
Three sections
Scarlatti Italian Overture
Classical Orchestra
Franz Joseph Haydn
Born in Austria
Choir boy in St. Stephens ( Vienna)
Style embodied mature classical style
Father of the symphony
Wrote over 100
Masterpieces in classical symphony style
Listening guide 19 ( Military Symphony)
Symphony No.100
Imaginative , innovative
Dramatic effects
Contrasts
Trumpet Fan fare
Turkish military music
Gave piece its name " military"
Used , Triangle, Cymbals, Bass drum, Bell tree
Movement 2.
Allegreto
C- Major
Homophonic
Variation form combined with Ternary