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13.1 (An Empire Evolves (Victory (Once Charles passed he passed on his…

- - - - These places became areas of great learning. They opened schools, libraries, and copied books. One Monk wrote a History of England book, considered one of the best historical works of that time.
        
        Did the Monks try to spread this knowledge or did they keep it mostly to themselves? The monks were very open to sharing their knowledge with others. They opened schools and tried to educate others.
      - Monasteries
  - - - What did the people think about this usage of church money? Most of the people were happy with how the church was using the money to expand their reach.
- - - - One of his greatest achievements was his amount of learning. He had surrounded himself with English, German, Spanish, and Italian scholars. This had caused him to open a school for his children and other children, to be trained as future monks and priests.
  - - - The had fought each other for years trying to get control of the kingdom. Eventually they signed the Treaty of Verdun, which split the kingdom into three equal sections.
        
        In return, Carolingian Kings lost power, which led to a new system of government - Feudalism
        
        Government Systems -- The institutions or systems, which make up the government of a nation.
        
        Alliance -- An agreement between two or more parties to advance common goals or interests.
        
        Treaty of Verdun
  - - - By doing this he spread Christianity. Also, by 800 AD his empire was larger than the Byzantine Empire.
        
        In 800, he had went to Rome to help defend the Pope, afterwards Pope Leo III officially crowned him emperor.
        
        This was a huge event because it signified the joining of Germanic power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire.
        
        What did the sword and cross represent in the painting of Charlemagne? -- They represent the joining of the Church and the Germanic Power.
        
        Change -- To make or become different.
        
        Charlemagne is crowned emperor
        
        How did Charlemagne challenge traditional Germanic Government? -- He challenged it by centralizing the government and putting all of the Barbaric tribes together instead of keeping them all seperate like the traditional Germanic government would.
- - - - Religion, they were all baptized.
      - They had changed and became different. Change is a major theme throughout history.
    - - How was his wife able to convert him?
- - - - Population shifts- As roman centers of trade and government collapsed
        
        The decline of learning- The germanic invaders who stormed Rome could not read or write .
        
        Few people except priests and other church officials were literate.
        
        How come the priests never taught how to read or write?
        
        loss of common language- As German speaking people mixed with the romans latin changed. While it was still a language it was no longer understood.
        
        Literacy in dark ages Europe
        
        invasion the germans invaded land and sea.