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United States Constitution (Key Principles in the Constitution (Rule of…
United States Constitution
Constitutional Convection
Virginia Plan: This plan was given by the government of Virginia to ask for a bigger and stronger central government made of three branches. (Legislative, executive, and judicial.)
New Jersey Plan: it was an alternative of the Virginia Plan. Also to be able to make an equal representation through the states.
Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise): It was able to resolve representation problems throughout the states.
3/5 Compromise: the amount of slaves would only be counted 3/5 of them so which means the rest would be shown as one individual to be a representation of the state.
Slave Trade Compromise: It's purpose was to stop the problem with using slavery as a commerce to help the economy.
Electoral College: it was created to it wouldn't such a direct vote for presidency. They created it because they feared of a tyrant taking over once again.
Parts of the Constitution
Article 1: Legislative - main job is to make laws
Article 2: Executive - manages daily affairs (President)
Article 3: Judicial - Supreme Court
Article 4: States - sets the relationship between states and federal government. States respect each other full faith and credit.
Article 5: Amendments - tells people how they can amend the constitution
Article 6: Supremacy, Debts and Oaths - the Constitution is the supreme law of the land and everyone must be loyal
Article 7: Ratification - 9 out of 13 states, explains the requirements for ratification
Key Principles in the Constitution
Rule of Law: it is able to prevent the overpower of anyone making laws that are unfair to people for no reason.
Limited Government: limiting the government from to much power, but enough to keep things under control in the states.
Seperation of Power: the was to separate the powers of the government which result into the three branches.
Checks and Balances: this was created to be able to balance the powers that the legislative, executive and judicial powers so one wouldn't be more powerful.
Popular Sovereignty: people rule over the government.
Republicanism: is the support to have a republic type of government and also follows the principles of Republican Party.
Individual Rights: the laws that you are naturally born with and they are things such as a right to life and right to freedom and liberty.
Federalism: it breaks down power of the government into different parts of units and then there is a main big unit.
Enumerated powers: this gives specific powers to Congress through the Constitution.
Reserved Powers: It a power only held within states.
Pluralism: holding one or more states or offices that are able to coexist.
Preamble
Ensure jobs for the people.
Creating a military for the security of the people.
Establishing a justice court to keep everything in order.
Create general warfare for the people to help them in their needs.
To form a better and united union.
Secure the natural laws of the people.
Amendments
The first 10 Amendments are called the Bill of Rights. This protects the basic rights and liberties that are guaranteed to all Americans.
There are 27 amendments that have been ratified
Amendments are proposed to Congress and are voted on. For an amendment to be ratified it has to receive a two thirds vote by the House of Representative and the Senate .
Federalists vs. Antifederalists
Federalists: Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison
Anti-Federalists: George Mason, Patrick Henry, and Samuel Adams
The Antifederalist where the people who were against the constitution and did not support a strong federal government.
The anti-federalists were upset because they said that the constitution didn't protect any of their basic rights an liberties. So they came to an agreement that they needed a bill of rights which was then written by James Madison.
The Federalists were the people who were for the constitution. They argued for a strong federal government.
