Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Week2 (Theories of Creativity (Criteria (Explain how production of novelty…

- - - - Edward Thorndike: dogs and chickens experiment. Trial and error to solving problems. The more the animals were exposed to these scenarios, the better they got.
      - Look at the image in the slides. It seems helpful. A. Newell and H.A. Simon 1972
        
        Initial problem state ---> Search and simulations(mentally doing something) ----> Goal (using heuristics)
        
        Set of operators is limited and number of possible paths is infinite
      - Donald Campbell: Getting ideas are like natural selection. Lots out there and then you select. BUT HOW IS THIS ACCUMULATIVE? Random generation. I think you pick up on things and experience them? Has nothing to do with how novel it is, just how appropriate it is.
      - Also fails to explain why generation of novelty is so limited
    - - Simplicity of inputs= magnitude of outputs
      - Infinite possibilities----> BUT The problem with this theory is that why do we get stuck sometimes if there are so many possibilities???
      - Combinatorial Explosion
        
        50,000 words atay hain average adult ko and they can come up with billions of combinations but most of them will be shit.
      - Henri Poincare- conscious work on a problem, ideas and concept related to the problem <---> test them. THEN lack of progress, and you stop working but it keeps running in the back of your head and a random combination pops up in your head. He said only beautiful ideas pass to consciousness. BEAUTY. DELIBERATE
        
        Prior Ideas, relatives
      - Simonton's Darwanian Theory of Creativity
        
        You have lots of ideas, as chance combinations and then you selectively retain them, they are selected based on their stability. Single Cognitive Unit- once two things combine into one, it becomes a single thing. STABILITY. DELIBERATE
        
        New configurations, nothing gives direction to thoughts and they are random and this is problematic really.
      - GenePlore Theory
        
        Manipulate, preinventive form (generation of an idea), evaluate, select
        
        Geometric 3D forms are combined, interesting and intriguing ----> novel gadgets made. She gave the example of improved phone cameras with a detachable lens
    - - Object <--------> Perception. Gestalt- how close the two are. Strong is when your perception is very close to the real object. Weak.
      - Necker Cube- Weak gestalt but you can never predict WHEN your perception will flip, its unstable.
        
        Creativity is about flipping your perception to a more stable one. You shouldn't be able to unsee it.
        
        Gestalts suffer from gaps and tensions, Incomplete or imbalanced. Solving the problem would mean moving closer to a stable gestalt
      - What do we learn from Gestalt theories? Ye wali slide parhlo. So sleepy. Something about destroying your purani perceptions. That ,matchstick problem 2 equal signs. Non monotic nature of restructuring. Once better is found
        
        This doesnt seem deliberate and you cant seem to control them
      - Problems: No control, No direction, ignore role of previous experience, analytic thinking neglected, do not talk about ke creativity is limited bohat over hain ye. Itna hee scene hai tou we should be seeing things differently all the time, but we dont.