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Factors affecting performance (How does training affect performance…
Factors affecting performance
How does training affect performance
Energy systems
Lactic acid system
Aerobic system
Alacctacid system (ATP/PC
types of training and training methods
Anaerobic - aneraobic interval
Flexibility - static, ballistic, PNF, dynamic
Aerobic - continous, fartlek, interval, circuit
Strength training - free/fixed weights, elastic, hydraulic
Principles of training
Training thresholds
warm up and cool down
Variety
Reversibility
Specificity
Progressive overload
Physiological adaptations in response to training
Oxygen uptake and lung capacity
Haemoglobin level
Stroke volume and cardiac output
Muscle hypertrophy
Resting heart rate (minimum beats required to maintain function)
effect on fast/slow twitch muscle fibres
How can Psychology affect performance
Motivation
Intrinsic (within individual) , Extrinsic (reward)
Positive (desire to win), negative (desire to win out of fear/consequence)
Anxiety and arousal
Sources of stress (personal pressure, social pressure, competition pressure and physical pressure
Optimum arousal
Trait - general level of stress that is a characteristic of each individual . State anxiety is the emotional response to level of distress or particular situation
Psychological strategies to enhance motivation and manage anxiety
Mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery
Relaxation techniques
Concentration/attention skills (focusing)
Goal-setting
How can nutrition and recovery strategies affect performance
Nutritional considerations
During performance
Post performance
Pre-perfromance, including carb loading
Supplementation
Protein
Caffeiene
Vitamins/minerals
Creatine products
Recovery strategies
Tissue damage strategies eg. cryotherapy
Psychological strategies eg. relaxation
Neural startdies (relax muscles,reduce impact on central nervous system) e.g.. hydrotherapy - hot/cold water immersion and massage
Physiological strategies eg. cool down, hydration
How does the acquisition of skill affect performance
stages of skill acquisition
2) associative
3) autonomous
1) cognitive
Characteristics of the learner - personality, heredity, confidence, prior experience, ability
The learning environment
Practice method ( massed, distributed, whole, part)
feedback (Internal, external, concurrent, delayed, knowledge of results, knowledge of performance)
The performance elements (decision making, strategic and tactical development)
Nature of the skill (open/closed, gross/fine, serial/continuous, self-paced/externally paced)
assessment of skill and performance
Objective and subjective performance measures
Validity and reliability of tests
Characteristics of skilled performers e.g.. kinaesthetic sense, anticipation, consistency, technique
Personal versus prescribed judging criteria