Chapter 10 Judaism Practices Key Terms

10.2

10.1

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10.13

Menorah

Star of David (Magen David)

Minyan

Synagogue

a building for Jewish public prayer, study and gathering

a group of at least 10 adults; the minimum required for a Jewish religious service

a many-branched candlestick that holds either seven or nine candles

a symbol of Judaism said to represent the shield of King David, who ruled Israel in the 10th Century BCE

Aron Hakodesh

Rabbi

Bimah

Ner Tamid

a platform in a synagogue from where the Torah is read

the Ark- the holiest part of the synagogue, which contains the Torah scrolls

a Jewish religious leader and teacher

eternal light; a light that is kept burning in the synagogue above the ark

Reform Jews

Cantor (Chazzan)

Orthodox Jews

Jews who emphasise the importance of following the laws and guidance in the Torah; they believe the Torah was given to Moses by God so should be followed as closely as possible

Jews who believe the laws and guidance in the Torah can be adapted for modern times; they believe the Torah was inspired by God but written by humans, so can be interpreted according to the times

a person who leads or chants prayers in the synagogue

Tefillin

Amidah

Tallit

Small leather boxes containing extracts from the Torah, strapped to the wearer's arm and forehead for morning prayers

A prayer shawl

Also known as the 'standing pray', it is the central prayer of Jewish worship

Shabbat

the Jewish holy day of the week; a day of spiritual renewal starting shortly before sunset on Friday and continuing to sunset on Saturday

Torah

Nevi'im

Tenakh

Ketuvim

Mishnah

Gemara

Talmud

the 24 books of the Jewish scriptures

(1) the 5 books revealed to Moses by God

the second section of the Tenakh; the prophets

the third section of the Tenakh; the writings

the first written version of the Jewish oral law; part of the Talmud

a commentary on the Mishnah; part of the Talmud

a commentary by the rabbis on the /torah- it consists of the Mishnah and Gemara together in one collection

(2) the first section of the Tenakh, and the Jewish written law

Rituals

Brit Milah

religious ceremonies that are performed according to a set pattern

ceremony of male circumcision; the removal of the foreskin for religious reasons

Bar Mitzvah

Bat Mitzvah

celebration of a boy coming of age at 13; literally 'son of the commandment'

celebration of a girl coming of age at 12, in Reform synagogues; literally 'daughter of the commandment

Marriage

a legal union between a man and a women as partners in a relationship

Shiva

Kaddish

Mourning

a period of time spent remembering a person who has dies

an intense period of mourning that lasts for seven days

a prayer said by Jewish mourners that praises God and asks for peace

Kosher

Trefah

Dietary laws

rules that deal with foods permitted to be eaten, food preparation, food combinations, and the utensils and dishes coming into contact with food

food that meets the requirements of Jewish laws

food that Jews are forbidden to eat; means 'torn'

Rosh Hashanah

Yom Kippur

the Day of Atonement; a day of fasting on the tenth day after Rosh Hashanah

the Jewish new year

Pesach (Passover)

festival in remembrance of the Jewish exodus from Egypt that is celebrated in spring