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Chapter 10 Judaism Practices Key Terms (10.7 (Torah ((1) the 5 books…
Chapter 10 Judaism Practices Key Terms
10.2
Aron Hakodesh
the Ark- the holiest part of the synagogue, which contains the Torah scrolls
Rabbi
a Jewish religious leader and teacher
Bimah
a platform in a synagogue from where the Torah is read
Ner Tamid
eternal light; a light that is kept burning in the synagogue above the ark
10.1
Menorah
a many-branched candlestick that holds either seven or nine candles
Star of David
(Magen David)
a symbol of Judaism said to represent the shield of King David, who ruled Israel in the 10th Century BCE
Minyan
a group of at least 10 adults; the minimum required for a Jewish religious service
Synagogue
a building for Jewish public prayer, study and gathering
10.3
Reform Jews
Jews who believe the laws and guidance in the Torah can be adapted for modern times; they believe the Torah was inspired by God but written by humans, so can be interpreted according to the times
Cantor
(Chazzan)
a person who leads or chants prayers in the synagogue
Orthodox Jews
Jews who emphasise the importance of following the laws and guidance in the Torah; they believe the Torah was given to Moses by God so should be followed as closely as possible
10.5
Shabbat
the Jewish holy day of the week; a day of spiritual renewal starting shortly before sunset on Friday and continuing to sunset on Saturday
10.4
Tefillin
Small leather boxes containing extracts from the Torah, strapped to the wearer's arm and forehead for morning prayers
Amidah
Also known as the 'standing pray', it is the central prayer of Jewish worship
Tallit
A prayer shawl
10.8
Rituals
religious ceremonies that are performed according to a set pattern
Brit Milah
ceremony of male circumcision; the removal of the foreskin for religious reasons
10.7
Torah
(1)
the 5 books revealed to Moses by God
(2)
the first section of the Tenakh, and the Jewish written law
Nevi'im
the second section of the Tenakh; the prophets
Tenakh
the 24 books of the Jewish scriptures
Ketuvim
the third section of the Tenakh; the writings
Mishnah
the first written version of the Jewish oral law; part of the Talmud
Gemara
a commentary on the Mishnah; part of the Talmud
Talmud
a commentary by the rabbis on the /torah- it consists of the Mishnah and Gemara together in one collection
10.9
Bar Mitzvah
celebration of a boy coming of age at 13; literally 'son of the commandment'
Bat Mitzvah
celebration of a girl coming of age at 12, in Reform synagogues; literally 'daughter of the commandment
10.11
Shiva
an intense period of mourning that lasts for seven days
Kaddish
a prayer said by Jewish mourners that praises God and asks for peace
Mourning
a period of time spent remembering a person who has dies
10.10
Marriage
a legal union between a man and a women as partners in a relationship
10.14
Pesach
(Passover)
festival in remembrance of the Jewish exodus from Egypt that is celebrated in spring
10.12
Kosher
food that meets the requirements of Jewish laws
Trefah
food that Jews are forbidden to eat; means 'torn'
Dietary laws
rules that deal with foods permitted to be eaten, food preparation, food combinations, and the utensils and dishes coming into contact with food
10.13
Rosh Hashanah
the Jewish new year
Yom Kippur
the Day of Atonement; a day of fasting on the tenth day after Rosh Hashanah