1f) IONIC BONDING
metal + non-metal
gain electrons
lose outer shell
complete outer shell
negative charge
anions
lose outer shell
lose electrons
positive charge
Cations
Electrons have a negative charge
atoms that lose electrons have a positive charge
atoms that gain electrons have a negative charge
to get a full outer shell
.
all become giant ionic latice
all atoms are neutral
get a + or - charge when they get a full outer shell
once they have a charge they are called ions
the force of attraction is between the positive and negative ions
e.g. bonding in Lithium Nitrogen
needs 3 Lithium to complete outer shell
Properties
will conduct electricity when dissolved in water because the ions are free to move
cannot move when solid
cannot conduct electrisity
High melting and Boiling point
as many strong attractions to overcome
the greater the ionic charge
the stronger the attraction
higher the melting and boiling points