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Successes of the League of Nations (Teschen (Teschen area had been one of…
Successes of the League of Nations
Teschen
Teschen area had been one of wealthiest and most industrialised regions of former Austro-Hungarian Empire.
In 1919 violence erupted between Poland and Czechoslovakia.
Poland claimed region as 55% of population was Polish
Czechoslovakia based claim on historical arguments.
League arbitrated dispute in 1920 – splitting region between 2 countries – 1920
Neither country entirely satisfied – both accepted and fight ceased.
Aaland Islands 1921
Population entirely exclusively Swedish-speaking.
Aaland Islands belonged to Finland in early 1900s.
Inhabitants wanted to become Swedish.
Finland reluctant to lose sovereignty over them.
Sweden raised issue to League and island went to Finland.
both accepted decision.
Upper Silesia 1921
People divided whether they wanted to be part of Germany or Poland - Both of which claimed the area.
This led to a series of local riots between 1919 and 1921 – which the League then became involved.
League decided to divide area between Poland and Germany. - decision accepted by nations and most importantly – Upper Silesians.
Yugoslavia - Albania border dispute 1921
Following ongoing disputes of countries over territory on border between 2 countries.
Yugoslav troops entered Albanian territory in Nov 21921
League set commission made up by representatives from - Britain, France, Italy and Japan – to judge cause of disagreement.
Based on commission’s recommendations – League found in favour of Albania - Yugoslavia complained bitterly but had no alternative but to withdraw troops.
Memel 1923
Port of Memel and surrounding area placed under control of League of Nations – by terms of Treaty of Versailles.
However – Lithuania claimed region and invaded in 1923.
League decided:
· Port and surroundings would belong to Lithuania
· But Memel itself – international zone
Lithuania accepted decision.
Mosul 1924
City and region had been part of Turkish Empire until 1918
As a result of Paris peace settlement – Mosul became part of British mandate of Iraq.
Turkey demanded control of region.
1924 – League found in favour of Iraq – after reaching agreement w/ Britain. - Turks accepted the decision
Greece - Bulgaria border dispute
Following border dispute – Greece invaded Bulgaria which referred matter to League.
Meantime – Bulgaria ordered troops for resistance to avoid bigger problems.
clear indication Bulgaria had faith in league.
League:
· Condemned invasion
· Called Greece to withdraw and pay recompensations to Bulgaria.
Greece complied to League’s decision.