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Social Psychology (MODULE 76: Group Behavior (Culture - the enduring…
Social Psychology
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MODULE 80: Altruism, Conflict and Peacemaking
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Bystander Effect - the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present
Social Exchange Theory- the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs
Reciprocity Norm - an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them
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Conflict - a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas
Social Traps - a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in mutually destructive behavior
Mirror-Image Perceptions - mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive
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Peace
Superordinate Goals- shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
GRIT - Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension Reduction -- a strategy designed to decrease international tensions
MODULE 74: Attribution, Attitudes, and Action
Attribution
Fundamental Attribution Error - tendency to label others' behaviors as their disposition, underestimating the impact of the situation
Attribution Theory - theory that we attribute a person's behavior to either their disposition or the situation
Attitudes and Actions
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Foot in the Door - getting people to agree to small requests first and then gradually moving
on to bigger request
Door in the Face - asking for a ridiculous request first, so that a more reasonable request is agreed to later
Role - a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave
Zimbardo's Prison Experiment - example of role playing, people were either guards or prisoners, both groups began to assume their roles
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MODULE 79: Attraction
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Romantic Love
Passionate Love - an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship
Companionate Love - the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined
Equity - a condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it
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