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Policing (Chapter 5 (Security Management and Private Policing (Functions…

- - - - Domestic Violence: violence between spouses or intimate partners
  - - - Apprehension
    - - Traffic
      - Vice
      - Drug Law Enforcement
  - - - Preventive Patrol
      - Hot Spots
      - Foot vs. Motorized Patrol
      - Aggressive Patrol
      - Community Policing
- - - - Law Enforcement Certification: attending a police academy such as the 12- to 22-week nondegree classes offered though the criminal justice programs at colleges
    - - Minorities
      - Women
    - - Socialization: members learn the symbols, beliefs,and values of a group or subculture
  - - - Danger
      - Authority
      - A set of emotional and behavioral characteristics developed by members of an occupational group in response to the work situation and environmental influences
  - - - English Legal Tradition
        
        Local Control
        
        Fragmented Organization
        
        Linnited Authority
        
        Frankpledge: required that groups of 10 families, called tithings, agree to uphold the law, keep order, and bring violaters to a court
    - - Federal
        
        FBI
        
        Drug Enforcement Agency
        
        U.S. Marshals Service
        
        Department of Homeland Security
        
        Secret Service
        
        Transportation Security Administration
        
        Internal Revenue Service
        
        Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives
      - State
        
        Highway Patrol
        
        State Police
      - Local
        
        County Police
        
        Sheriffs Department
        
        Native American Tribal Police
    - - The Community Policing Era (1970-present)
        
        Problem-oriented Policing: instead of focusing on crime and disorder, the police should identify the underlying causes of problems
        
        Urge greater use of foot and bicycle patrols so that officers will become known to citizens, who in turn will cooperate with the police
      - The Professional Model Era (1920-1970)
      - The Political Era (1840-1920)
        
        High levels of police and political corruption
        
        Close times were formed between the police and local political leaders at that time
      - The Colonial Era and the Early Republic
        
        Watch Systems: served to warn of dangers ranging from fires to crime
        
        Slave Patrols: organized forces to to prevent slave revolts and to catch runaway slaves
- - - - Search: search for and examination of evidence
      - Seizure: situations in which LEO's use their authority to deprive individuals of the liberty or property and must not be unreasonable
    - - Probable Cause: when suffecient evidence is availabe to support the reasonable conclusion that a person has committed a crime