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A Leader Announces Himself (1) (1915 - Gandhi returned to India from South…
A Leader Announces Himself (1)
1915 - Gandhi returned to India from South Africa
He was a lawyer and a leader of the Indian community in South Africa
historian Chandran Devanensan said - Soutn Africa "was the making of Mahatma"
In South Africa he-
forged the techniques of non violence aka satyagraha
promoted harmony between religions
alerted upper castes of their discriminatory behaviour
He had left India in 1883 and when he came back it had changed quite a lot
although it was still a british colony- the INC was now very active w/ branches in all the important cities of India
INC had become popular among the middle class through the Swadeshi movement of 1905-07
Through Swadeshi movement it got some great leaders
Bipin Chandra Pal of Bengal
Lala Lajpat Rai of Punjab
Bal Gangadhar Tilak of Maharashtra
aka Lal, Bal and Pal
an alliteration conveying the all-india character of their struggle since their provinces were far away from each other
Lal, Bal and Pal were militants but there were also Moderates in the INC
Gopal Krishna Gokhale, gandhi's acknowledged mentor was also a moderate and Mohammad Ali Jinnah too
Gokhale advised Gandhi to spend a year travelling around India to get to know the land and the peoples.
Gandhi's first major public Appearance was at BHU in Feb 1916
Princes and philanthropists had come to the event as they had funded the uni
important people of the congress such as Annie Besant were there - Gandhi was relatively unknown
he was called to speak at the event because of his work in South Africa rather than his status in India
reminder of the nationalism - elitist no pesantry
At one level it was only a speech of fact but it was also a statement of intent ( what gandhi wanted indian nationalism to be)
in Lucknow in 1916, he was approached by a peasant from Champaran