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Anxiety disorders (Social phobia vs Shyness (Shyness (Lay term, Shy have…

- - - - fears, avoidance, negative thoughts, somatic symptoms
  - - - Phobia
      - Shy
      - Non shy
    - - Presentation
      - Conversation
    - - Phobia most symptoms, then shy, then non shy
- - - - amyg. innitiates behavioral/autonomic response via projection to motor/brain stem
    - - context, memory, self regulation
        
        also for fear extinction
    - - fear extinction
  - - - representing difference between current body state and predicted
        
        in anxiety prediction state may be augmented
        
        avoidance
  - - - CRF=corticotropin-releasing factor
      - Pituitary disperes ACTH
        
        ACTH=adrenocorticothropin-releasing hormone
        
        ACTH detected by adrenal cortex
        
        facilitated release of cortisol
        
        binds to receptors in hypothalamus and pituitary
        
        Suppresed release of CRF and ACTH
- - - - Antecedent conditions
      - Caused by different events
      - Different consequences
      - Different behavior
    - - Fear is caused by stimuli that predict danger
      - Does not differentiate
      - Explains phobia
        Relates to phobia fear
      - Explicit cue is fear, implicit is anxiety
    - - BNST for fear of long duration
      - Project to same areas
    - - Pre encounter
        
        Harm may occur but is distant
        
        Vigilance and risk assessment
        
        Anxiety
      - Post encounter
        
        When treat is encountered
        
        Amygdala promotes behavior that reduce contact
        
        Fear
      - Circa-strike
        
        Inhibition of forebrain
        
        Defence
        
        Panic
        
        unconditioned reaction in pavlov
    - - Anxiety is sensitization of fear
    - - inborn anxiety system
  - - - brief stimulus-specific response
        
        Basolateral and cental and medial nuclei of amygdala
    - - sustained response prompted by unpredictable danger
        
        basolateral amygdala to bed nucleus of sria terminalis
        
        Increased reactivity on threat cues