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Monoist and Dualist- The way countries absorb International Human Rights…

- - - - "lex posterior derogat legi priori", the later law replaces the earlier one
        
        Should not conflict with the constitution
    - - Courts will do their best to construe the law so that in complies with the standards of international law
      - Courts also have long applied a canon of construction – known as the “Charming Betsy canon” – whereby they will construe federal statutes, where reasonably possible, to avoid violations of customary international law. In addition, it is possible that in developing some rules of federal common law relating to foreign affairs, courts will take account of a mixture of international law and domestic law considerations, even if they do not apply customary international law directly.
    - - An argument for the fact that USA identifies as a monist nation
    - - The Paquete Habana
      - United States v. Alvarez-Machain
        
        Ker-Frisbie doctrine
        
        is applied in the context of extradition and generally holds that criminal defendants may be prosecuted in United States courts regardless of whether their presence has been obtained through the use of applicable extradition treaties.
      - Erie Railroad v. Tompkins
      - Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum
        
        Question Before the Court
        
        Under the Alien Tort Statute, are corporations immune from tort liability for violations of the law of nations, such as torture, extrajudicial executions, or genocide?
        
        Upon reargument, does the Alien Tort Statute allow courts to recognize a cause of action for violations of the law of nations occurring within the territory of a sovereign other than the United States?
      - Jesner v. Arab Bank, PLC
      - Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain
        
        United States Supreme Court case involving the Alien Tort Statute
    - - Missouri v. Holland
        
        "supremacy clause"