Unit 5: Party Music
Chapter 19
Groundbreaking embellishments in music
Instrumental music flourished with dance
oral tradition
evidence in artwork and historical documents
professionals and amateurs
published dance music books
beginning in the 16th century
wide variety of dances
slow pavane
fast saltarello
group ronde
instrumental music inspires dances
categorized
bas=soft=indoor
haut=loud=outdoor
types of instruments
recorder, lute, rebec-bas instruments
shawm, sakbut, cornetto, tabor, nakers = loud
trumpets = battle and fanfares
Tielman Susato
Renaissance Musician and Composer
Music Printer
Dance Music
Lived in area of the Netherlands
embellished by performers
repeated sections
short
Listening Guide 9
Susato: Three Dances
texture
form
harmony
expression
rhythm/meter
performing forces
melody
prominent tunes; short phrases
lively duple meter
full chords, consonant; ronde 2 is modal
homphonic mostly
three binary-form dances (A-A-B-B)
occasional embellishments
4 part instrumental group; loud wind band (sawhm, cornetto, sackbut, tabor, tambourine)
published 1551
dances flow from one to another
variety of instrumental dance types
Chapter 37
European immigrants brought cultivated repertories to the US
American Style Developed
Lighter music
Vernacular
American popular identity
Popular = Belongs to the People
POP music
Minstrel shows
Parlor songs
Marketing
Minstrel - variety shows
black face
plantation life
white performers
Stephen Foster
1826-1864
professional songwriter
Pittsburgh, PA
First hit: Oh! Susanna
songs from minstrel shows published later
love songs
ballads
mostly wrote parlor songs but some for minstrel shows
sympathetic to abolitionist cause
Listening Guide 28
Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair
texture
form
harmony
performing forces
rhythm/meter
text
melody
wavelike (descending, then ascending), syllabic
moderate tempo in broad quadruple meter
major key, simple block- and broke-chord accompaniment
homophonic
strophic (A-A-B-A)
tenor and pianoforte
strophic poem by Foster in verse 1
wrote after separation from wife
voice and piano
Chapter 51
band tradition
music for brass bands
roots
18th century US Marine Band
Civil War era bands
Revolutionary War regimental bands
Concert and dance assemblies
Patrick S. Gilmore - leader
John Philip Sousa
1854-1932
Born in Washington, DC
The "March" King
Conducted US Marine Band
Wrote over 130 marches for band
Semper Fidelis
The Liberty Bell
Stars and Stripes Forever
The Washington Post
1892 Formed civilian group
Toured Extensively
sheet music sold incredibly well
mass-marketing of recordings
Ragtime Dances
1890s
African American style that modified Euro-American traditions
rhythmic and melodic variation
pianists accompanying social dancing
Scott Joplin
1868-1917
Born in Texas
Left home at 14, played in honky-tonks and piano bars
notice-performed ragtime at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893
The "King of Ragtime"
Listening Guide 42
Maple Leaf Rag
published in 1899
4 sections
texture
harmony
rhythm/meter
form
melody
performing forces
catchy, syncopated, disjunct
marchlike duple, syncopated in right hand
major key, shifts to new key in C section
homophonic, chordal accompaniment to melody
dance made up of four sections (A-A-B-B-A-C-C-D-D)
Joplin plays on 1910 Steinway piano roll
Chapter 56
Jazz roots
jazz traditionally associated with the US
roots
West African traditions from 18th century slaves
call and response
vocal inflections
Euro-American vernacular traditions
New Orleans
keep evolving by incorporating many styles
Famous Jazz artists
Billie Holliday
Duke Ellington
Ella Fitzgerald
Louis Armstrong
Blues Roots
blues traditionally associated with the US
roots
Civil war: Mississippi Delta Blues
three-line stanzas
twelve-measure harmonic patterns (12 bar blues)
voiced difficulties of everyday life
famous blues artists
Bessie Smith
B.B. King
Charlie Patton
trumpet player
band leader
New Orleans Jazz scene
singer, actor
Born in Philadelphia, PA
moved to NYC, sang at clubs in Brooklyn and Harlem
1933 discovered by talent scout who arranged record with Benny Goodman
1935 recording with best jazz musicians of her day
strange fruit
sad later life
Listening Guide 47
Billies Blues
1936
intersection between jazz and blues
form
texture
harmony
expression
performing forces
melody
text
syncopated melodies with pitch inflections
rhythm/meter
slow tempo, steady rhythmic accompaniment under more complex solo lines
repeated harmonic progressions for each chorus
polyphonic
12-bar blues
laid-back feeling, different moods in solos
holiday, vocal with trumpet, clarinet, piano and others
chorus 2 is typical blues text, others more free
Big Band era
1930's-40's
written, arranged and composed instead of improvised
larger group of players
wide audience, black and white
dance association
born in DC
studied piano
1920s was playing in NYC jazz clubs
composer/arranger
major figure in Harlem Renaissance
Listening Guide 48
Take the A Train
form
expression
harmony
timbre
rhythm/meter
performing forces
melody
disjunct, syncopated themes
broad quadruple meter at moderate tempo
complex, chromatic
A-A-B-A
animated movement with special jazz effects
big-band sound, reed, brass and percussion sections
jazz big band