Unit 5: Party Music

Chapter 19

Groundbreaking embellishments in music

Instrumental music flourished with dance

oral tradition

evidence in artwork and historical documents

professionals and amateurs

published dance music books

beginning in the 16th century

wide variety of dances

slow pavane

fast saltarello

group ronde

instrumental music inspires dances

categorized

bas=soft=indoor

haut=loud=outdoor

types of instruments

recorder, lute, rebec-bas instruments

shawm, sakbut, cornetto, tabor, nakers = loud

trumpets = battle and fanfares

Tielman Susato

Renaissance Musician and Composer

Music Printer

Dance Music

Lived in area of the Netherlands

embellished by performers

repeated sections

short

Listening Guide 9

Susato: Three Dances

texture

form

harmony

expression

rhythm/meter

performing forces

melody

prominent tunes; short phrases

lively duple meter

full chords, consonant; ronde 2 is modal

homphonic mostly

three binary-form dances (A-A-B-B)

occasional embellishments

4 part instrumental group; loud wind band (sawhm, cornetto, sackbut, tabor, tambourine)

published 1551

dances flow from one to another

variety of instrumental dance types

Chapter 37

European immigrants brought cultivated repertories to the US

American Style Developed

Lighter music

Vernacular

American popular identity

Popular = Belongs to the People

POP music

Minstrel shows

Parlor songs

Marketing

Minstrel - variety shows

black face

plantation life

white performers

Stephen Foster

1826-1864

professional songwriter

Pittsburgh, PA

First hit: Oh! Susanna

songs from minstrel shows published later

love songs

ballads

mostly wrote parlor songs but some for minstrel shows

sympathetic to abolitionist cause

Listening Guide 28

Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair

texture

form

harmony

performing forces

rhythm/meter

text

melody

wavelike (descending, then ascending), syllabic

moderate tempo in broad quadruple meter

major key, simple block- and broke-chord accompaniment

homophonic

strophic (A-A-B-A)

tenor and pianoforte

strophic poem by Foster in verse 1

wrote after separation from wife

voice and piano

Chapter 51

band tradition

music for brass bands

roots

18th century US Marine Band

Civil War era bands

Revolutionary War regimental bands

Concert and dance assemblies

Patrick S. Gilmore - leader

John Philip Sousa

1854-1932

Born in Washington, DC

The "March" King

Conducted US Marine Band

Wrote over 130 marches for band

Semper Fidelis

The Liberty Bell

Stars and Stripes Forever

The Washington Post

1892 Formed civilian group

Toured Extensively

sheet music sold incredibly well

mass-marketing of recordings

Ragtime Dances

1890s

African American style that modified Euro-American traditions

rhythmic and melodic variation

pianists accompanying social dancing

Scott Joplin

1868-1917

Born in Texas

Left home at 14, played in honky-tonks and piano bars

notice-performed ragtime at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893

The "King of Ragtime"

Listening Guide 42

Maple Leaf Rag

published in 1899

4 sections

texture

harmony

rhythm/meter

form

melody

performing forces

catchy, syncopated, disjunct

marchlike duple, syncopated in right hand

major key, shifts to new key in C section

homophonic, chordal accompaniment to melody

dance made up of four sections (A-A-B-B-A-C-C-D-D)

Joplin plays on 1910 Steinway piano roll

Chapter 56

Jazz roots

jazz traditionally associated with the US

roots

West African traditions from 18th century slaves

call and response

vocal inflections

Euro-American vernacular traditions

New Orleans

keep evolving by incorporating many styles

Famous Jazz artists

Billie Holliday

Duke Ellington

Ella Fitzgerald

Louis Armstrong

Blues Roots

blues traditionally associated with the US

roots

Civil war: Mississippi Delta Blues

three-line stanzas

twelve-measure harmonic patterns (12 bar blues)

voiced difficulties of everyday life

famous blues artists

Bessie Smith

B.B. King

Charlie Patton

trumpet player

band leader

New Orleans Jazz scene

singer, actor

Born in Philadelphia, PA

moved to NYC, sang at clubs in Brooklyn and Harlem

1933 discovered by talent scout who arranged record with Benny Goodman

1935 recording with best jazz musicians of her day

strange fruit

sad later life

Listening Guide 47

Billies Blues

1936

intersection between jazz and blues

form

texture

harmony

expression

performing forces

melody

text

syncopated melodies with pitch inflections

rhythm/meter

slow tempo, steady rhythmic accompaniment under more complex solo lines

repeated harmonic progressions for each chorus

polyphonic

12-bar blues

laid-back feeling, different moods in solos

holiday, vocal with trumpet, clarinet, piano and others

chorus 2 is typical blues text, others more free

Big Band era

1930's-40's

written, arranged and composed instead of improvised

larger group of players

wide audience, black and white

dance association

born in DC

studied piano

1920s was playing in NYC jazz clubs

composer/arranger

major figure in Harlem Renaissance

Listening Guide 48

Take the A Train

form

expression

harmony

timbre

rhythm/meter

performing forces

melody

disjunct, syncopated themes

broad quadruple meter at moderate tempo

complex, chromatic

A-A-B-A

animated movement with special jazz effects

big-band sound, reed, brass and percussion sections

jazz big band