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PROFESSIONAL ATTITUDES & COMMUNICATION IN PATIENT CARE (AGE-SPECIFIC…
PROFESSIONAL ATTITUDES & COMMUNICATION IN PATIENT CARE
ATTITUDE
ISSUES
Difference in cultures
Gender
Religion
Age
Geographic differences
DEFINITION
A state of mind, or opinion or a feeling often shown by non-verbal signals, tone of voice or body posture
PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES & ETHICS IN RELATION TO DIVERSITY
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGISTS
Put aside emotional bias and personal prejudice
Provide service to patient with full of respect
A process that begins with commitment continuous encounter
ISSUES OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY
Ways to communicate with ethnic groups
African American
Does not trust "white institutions"
Refer them using their last name
Anglo Americans
Decisions are made within the patients
Emotional control is expected
Asian
Eye contact is needed
Reluctant to admit pain
East Indian
Direct contact is perceived
A wife's decision making is depend on their husband
Hipsanic
Modesty is important especially in elderly women
Ask the patient's family & interest before focusing on health issues
Middle Eastern
Muslims do not eat pork
Organ donation/ autopsy is not permitted due to religious values
Native American
Loud & aggressive behaviour is considered rude
Stories & metaphors may be used to communicate ideas
Russians
Family members are anxious about the patient, therefore they must keep track with the updates in the patients
Give them a warm & caring behaviour
AGE-SPECIFIC CARE & COMMUNICATION
TODDLER (1-2 YEARS)
Giving directions short and simple
Use familiar names called at home
Allow them to make choices when necessary & when possible
Use a friendly but firm approach
PRESCHOOLER (3- 5 YEARS)
Provide demonstration
The child should be encouraged to cooperate as much as possible
SCHOOL AGE (6-12 YEARS)
Giving solid information about the examination
Be honest & let them know whether or not they will feel pain or discomfort
LATE ADULT (65 YEARS & ABOVE)
Might require special attention due to their physical problems that is affected by aging
provide accommodations for physical & sensory deflcits
Some body parts which need to be protected
Prominent bones needs to be protected by sponge
fragile skin should be spared using tape
handling the palms and hands
NEONATE/INFANT (BIRTH TO ONE YEAR)
Be cautious about tone and voice
Limit the number of staff
Must involve parents/guardians
include toys, etc
Providing a safe environment
Keep the patient wrapped in a blanket, expect they must be uncovered for imaging
ADOLESCENT (13 - 18 YEARS)
Avoid using audithorian approach
Special sensitivity is a must to deal with the emotional needs of adolscent
Show empathy if the patient losses control of his/her emotion
Provide through explanations & the rational for procedures
Respecting their concerns and modesty & fear of embarassment
ADULT (19-65 YEARS)
Allow them to make their own decisions & involve them as much as possible in the examination
Tailor instructions & explanations about the procedure to their level of understanding
DEALING WITH DEATH & LOSS
GRIEF
(PROCESS)
Bargaining
Depression
Anger
Acceptance
Denial
How a patient's emotional responses depends on
Marital/ Family status
Culture/ religion variations
Sex
Beliefs
Age
Attitude
Prejudice
Self-awareness
Physical condition
Socioeconomic factors
Past healthcare experience
Self-image
Patient Support Service
Patient-to-patient support group
Psychological support groups
Religion
Hospice & Home Care
Family/friends
COMMUNICATION
The ability to give instructions depends on the speaker being CLEAR & PRECISE
APPEARANCE
Uniform must be simple & neat
TOUCHING
Asking for the patient's permission to touch
LISTENING SKILLS
Giving the full ability to give attention to the patient
In communication,patient often gives us clues about their physical pain.
EYE CONTACT
Perceived as an interest of concern or honesty
However in some cultures, eye contact should be avoided
VERBAL SKILLS
Must be clear, distinct speech habits is preferable
Use face-to-face communication so the patient could understand our expression
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Leaning forward while listening to patient is a sign of interest
ATTITUDE
Ton of voice and choices of words a revealed by non- verbal behaviours
Listener will receive more powerful message from the attitudes