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1963-1965 (Events that show how the relationship between the two…
1963-1965
Events that show how the relationship between the two governments worsened
The Singapore Branches of UMNO, MCA and MIC joined forces with the Singapore People's Alliance (SPA) to form the Singapore's Alliance Party but was unable to win seats in areas that had a Malay majority in Singapore when it participated in the 1963 election
The PAP's decision to contest the 1964 Federal elections upset the Alliance Party leaders in Kuala Lumpur, as the PAP's election campaign questioned the way the Alliance Party Governed Malaysia
Some UMNO Leaders accused the PAP government of neglecting Malay Interests (Utusan Melayu)
Racial Riots
July 1964
The celebrations of Prophet Mohammed's birthday turned into a riot between the Malay and Chinese communities
An island wide curfew was imposed
September 1964
Tensions remained
Another racial riot broke out
The Alliance Party in Kuala Lumpur and the PAP agreed not to raise any matters that were racial in nature
As well as agreed not to challenge each other politically in elections for the next 2 days
The PAP, together with four Malaysain opposition parties, formed the Malaysian Solidarity Convention (MSC) which aimed to achieve a Malaysian Malaysia where everyone was treated equally regardless of race
UMNO leaders were particularly upset with the MSC as it challenged the special position of the Malay community
Problems faced during the merger
Disagreements Regarding Taxation
Before the formation of the Federation, Malaya had wanted to collect revenue in Singapore, and give Singapore the amount it needed to run the state
However, Singapore wanted to collect its own revenue and send an agreed sum to the Central Government in Kuala Lumpur as taxes
The Contribution Singapore had to make to the Central Government later increased from 40% to 60%, Singapore felt this was an unfair decision
It was later agreed that Singapore would collect its own revenue
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Disagreements in Political Beliefs
The Alliance Party (formed in 1951), comprising of:
The United Malays National Organisation (UMNO)
The Malayan Chinese Association (MCA)
THe Malayan Indian Congress (MIC)
They each sought to represent the interests of their respective communities
The PAP Government, However, believed in representing the interests of all communities regardless of race
Disagreements Regarding the Common Market
Singapore hoped to enjoy economic benefits through the formation of common market
However, Central Government was concerned that a common market would lead to greater competition from Singapore as goods from Singapore would no longer be taxed
Hence, the formation of the common market was delayed
Privileges for the Malays
To improve the social and economic positions of the Malays, the Central Government believed it was necessary to give special privileges of the Malays in employment, business and in education
They provided things like free education and even reserved a certain number of government jobs for them
The PAP Government chose instead to focus on providing free education for the Malays to enable them to gain better opportunities in employment
Separation from the Federation of Malaysia (1965)
The growing unrest convinced the Tunku that differences between Singapore and the Central Government could not be resolved
He thought it was best for Singapore to leave Malaysia
Prime Minister announced on
9 August 1965
to the people that Singapore was no longer a part of Malaysia