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Geometric Optics (Curved Mirrors (Focal point and Focal length (When point…

- - - - Telescope
  - - - An exterior angle of
        a triangle equals the sum of the two opposite interior angles
        \(\phi=\theta + \alpha\)
        \(\beta=\phi+ \theta\)
        
        Eliminating \(\theta\)
        \(2\phi =\alpha + \beta\)
        
        If \(\alpha\) is small enough (when the angle is much less than one radian) \(tan(\alpha) \approx \alpha\)
        
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        Since the rays will look more parallel this means that \(\delta\) is extremely small and therefore negligble to s and \(s^\prime\)
- - - - How we can view an extended object
        
        Images can act as an object
  - - - It really reverses front to back (happens to look like left to right)
        
        PQ is up down and its reflection \(P^{\prime} Q^\prime\) stays up down
        PS is left right and its orientation stays the same
        The ONLY one that is actually reversed is PR the front back line
- - - - Sign rule for the radius of curvature of a spherical surface:
        When the center of curvature C is on the same side as the outgoing light, the radius of curvature is positive; otherwise, it is negative.
        
        Lens Rules
        Converging lens are positive
        Diverging lens are negative
        Refers to the sign of the focal length
        
        Explains why nearsighted people who need diverging lens have a negative number
      - Negative for Convex, Positive for concave MIRRORS
- - - - Extended Object
        
        Object Distance
        
        Image Distance
        
        Virtual Image
        
        Real Image
        
        Lateral Magnification(m)
        
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- - - - A ray parallel to the axis, after reflection, passes through the
        
        After using any two rays to find the means of intersection, we can draw the path of any other ray from the object point to the same image point
        
        We could draw any other days but the principal ones are the easiest
- - - - Converging lens
        
        A lens where if parallel rays come in pass through the lens and meet at one point
        
        The focal length is always the same for a things lens even if the two sides have a different curvature
        
        There is refraction but there is no net change in direction ?
    - - When parallel rays enter this lens the ray diverges as it leaves the material