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Temperature factors (Latitude (The further from the equator, the colder.,…
Temperature factors
Latitude
The further from the equator, the colder.
Places with a high latitude are colder (the poles) and places with a low latitude are warmer (the tropics)
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The sun's rays shine diagonally on the polar regions. The sun is low on the horizon and makes long shadows. Diagonal rays give less heat than vertical rays, because they shine on a bigger surface.
The rays shine vertically on the tropics, and the sun is high in the sky all day. Vertical rays give more heat, as they shine on a smaller surface.
Land-sea distribution
The further you go from the sea, the warmer it gets in summer, and the colder it gets in winter.
Land gets warmer, but gets colder too.
Land heats up and coolds down faster than water.
Air above sea is never very high or very low, the sea keeps the temperature at an equal level.
Air above land can be cold and can be warm, and changes suddenly.
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Altitude
The higher you go, the colder it gets.
Ocean currents
Wind blows for a long time, from the same direction over the sea. The sea water moves and causes currents.
Currents can transport warm tropical seawater to the poles, and cold polar water to warmer regions.
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All currents have names, for example the current along the Norwegian coast is the Gulf Stream and brings warm water from the Gulf of Mexico to the west coast of Europe.