Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Maps (Types of Maps (Recognized (Land Use resource (Show how land is being…

- - - - Usually colored by country or state
      - Uses symbols, font size, color, to make important things stand out
      - name main physical features
    - - has colors that make natural patterns stand out
        
        Can stand for types of vegetation, mountains, and natural features
      - Usually also include some political info like boundaries
    - - shows weather trends season by season
      - affected by elevation, latitude, distance form ocean
  - - - Show how land is being used
      - Vegetation
      - forest vs agriculture
      - mines and wells
      - city zoning
      - crops
    - - Uses Sized dots to show presence of a feature
      - Like a visual scatterplot
    - - has shaded ares to show proportion/ measurement
      - easy to show variability
    - - Contour lines represent elevation
      - Can show change through shading
- - - - place name
      - site
      - situation
      - mathematical location (coordinates)
    - - The name given to a location
    - - precise, with coordinates
      - Measured with GPS
    - - Location in relation to something else
      - can change over time
    - - A modern way of thinking geographically that seeks answers to wide ranging questions, some theoretical
    - - Geographic Information System
      - Computer hardware and software that permit storage and analysis of layers of spatial data
      - remote sensing tech
      - GPS
        
        Global Positioning System
- - - - parallels, run east-west
      - latitude determines North-South
      - Equator is 0
    - - meridians, run N-S
      - Prime Meridian is 0
  - - - Each 24 hr division of the earth
      - About 1,000 mi long (from E-W) at equator
      - Becomes narrower closer to the poles
      - US has 4 time zones
- - - - Graphic
        
        visual comparison
        
        Compare solely with scaled bar
      - Word Statement
        
        "X units to Y units"
        
        Often only a rough estimate
      - Representative fraction
        
        Ration between distance on map and distance on earth
        
        impossible to visualize
        
        mostly for trained professionals like military
    - - small scale
        
        scale ration less than 1:100,000
        
        cover LOTS of area
        
        not detailed
        
        for general reference
      - medium scale
        
        scales between 1:100,000 and 1:1,000,000
        
        for regional references and planning
      - large scale
        
        scale ration greater than 1:100,000
        
        cover local ares
        
        detailed and accurate
        
        used for zoning, navigation, construction, etc
      - larger denominator=smaller scale ration=more area displayed
    - - all maps have spatial distortion
      - Either shape or area is distorted
      - Mercator Projection
        
        shape preserving
        
        Cylindrical projection
        
        Made in 1500s so that compass bearings would plot as straight lines
        
        ideal for navigation
      - Gnomonic Projection
        
        Useful for navigation + communication
        
        Planar projection
        
        demonstrates shortest route between two points as a straight line
      - Goode's Homolosine Projection
        
        gives continuity to land masses
        
        distance, direction, shape are distorted
      - Robinson Projection
        
        area near poles are distorted
        
        Not all latitude/longitude lines intersect at 90 degrees
        
        doesn't preserve direction or shape
      - Winkel Tripel
        
        Generated by GIS tech
        
        balances size and shape
        
        1998- replaced Robinson projection
      - Fuller's Projection
        
        maintains size and shape
        
        Direction has no meaning