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Unit 1 Psychology (Psychology Main Subfields (Developmental Psychologists:…
Unit 1 Psychology
Psychology Main Subfields
Developmental Psychologists: Studying our changing abilities from womb to tomb.
Cognitive Psychologists: Experimenting with how we perceive, think, and solve problems.
Biological Psychologists: Exploring the links between the brain and mind.
Educational Psychologists: Studying influences on teaching and learning.
Personality Psychologists: Investigating our persistent traits.
Social Psychologists: Exploring how we view and affect one another.
Three Branches of Psychology Professions
Applied Research: Research that seeks to answer a question in the real world and to solve a problem. It helps to solve practical problems. EXAMPLES: Forensic Psychologist, Sport Psychologist, etc.
Helping Professions: A profession that nurtures the growth of or addresses the problems of a persons physical, psychological or emotional well-being. EXAMPLES: Clinical Psychologists, Community Psychologists, or Counseling Psychologists.
Basic Research: Helps to increase scientific knowledge that fills in the knowledge that we don't have. It is purely theoretical. EXAMPLES: Social Psychologists, Cognitive Psychologists, etc.
Early Schools
Functionalism
consciousness serves a purpose
Structuralism
introspection
Psychoanalysis
unconscious motives
Gestalt
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Prescientific Psych
Aristotle
Knowledge is not preexisting
Socrates & Plato
Knowledgeable is innate
John Locke
table rasa
Three Main Levels of Analysis
Biological Influences:
-Natural Selection of adaptive traits
-Genetic predispositions responding to environment
-Brain mechanisms
-Hormonal Influences
Socio-Cultural Influences: Presence of others, Cultural, societal, and family expectations, peer and other group influences
compelling models (such as media)
Psychological Influences: Learned fears and other learned expectations, emotional responses, and cognitive processing and perceptual interpretations.
Psychology's Big Questions
Nature vs. Nurture
Descartes
Some ideas are innate
Darwin
Natural Selection
Locke
Rejected notion of inborn ideas, the mind is a "blank-slate"