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Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenesis (III. Mechanisms of bacterial…

- - - - Salmonella
      - Shigella
      - enterotoxigen E.coli
      - Vibrio
      - Clostridium botulinum
    - - Mycobacterium
      - Mycoplasma pneumoniae
    - - Clostridium tetani
    - - Staphylococcus aureus
      - Pseudomonas
    - - Rickettsia
      - Yersinia pestis
    - - Neisseria gonorrhoeae
      - Chlamydia trachomatis
- - - - G(-)
      - Enterobacteriaceae
        
        P fimbriae
      - Vibrio cholerae
    - - G(+)
      - Streptococcus pyogenes
        
        M protein
    - - polysaccharide slime
      - Staphylococcus
    - - colonize mucosa
- - - - teeth
    - - macrophage
    - - stomatch
        
        urease
  - - - Simple A toxin
      - Simple A-B toxin
      - Compound A-5B toxin
    - - Plasmid
      - Chromosome
      - Phage gene
    - - enzymatic lysis
        
        Clostridium perfringens 產氣莢膜梭菌
      - pore formation
        
        Staphylococcus aureus 金黃色葡萄球菌
      - inhibition of protein synthesis
        
        Corynebacterium diphtheriae 白喉
      - hyperactivation
        
        Vibrio cholerae 霍亂
      - interfere nerve-muscle transmission
        
        Clostridium tetani 破傷風
        
        作用於肌肉
        
        Clostridium botulinum 肉毒桿菌毒素
        
        作用於神經
  - - - granuloma
      - Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    - - rheumatic fever
      - Streptococcus pyogenes
    - - poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
    - - rash
- - - - Prevention of epidermis
        
        Defense of skin
        
        Defense of mucosal surfaces
        
        secretory IgA
        
        第二次感染時中和細菌
      - phagocytic cell responses
        
        opsonization
      - Complement
      - Cytokines and Chemokines
    - - Antibody
        
        IgG
        
        most common antibody type
        
        IgM
        
        earliest appearing antibody
        
        IgE
        
        allergy-associated antibody
        
        sIgA
        
        defense of mucosal surfaces
      - Cytotoxic cells
        
        Natural killer (NK) cells
        
        Cytotoxic T cells
        
        ADCC=Antibody-depedent cell-mediated cytotoxicity cells
  - - - Poor immunogen
      - Slimy
      - survive in phagolysosome
      - extent the time to spread
      - 例子
        
        Streptococcus pneumoniae
        
        Neisseria miningitidis
    - - Intracellular growth
        
        Mycobacteria
        
        Chlamydia
        
        Rickettsiae
      - Antigen variation
      - Production of IgA proteases
        
        Neisseria gonorrhoeae
      - Production of IgG-binding protein
        
        Staphylococcus aureus
      - long O Ag of LPS
    - - catalase