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UNCOMFORMITIES (Terminations (draw a picture) (Lap out (all other…
UNCOMFORMITIES
Terminations (draw a picture)
Concordance - no terminations
Truncation - by erosion or structure (faulting, igneous or salt)
Lap out (all other terminations)
Toplap - upper boundary
Offlap - where inclined surface laps out against older stages of it progradation
Onlap - where initially horizontal stratum laps out against initially inclined surface of previous sequence upper boundary
Baselap - lower boundary
Onlap - where initially horizontal stratum laps out against initially inclined surface
Downlap - where initially inclined stratum laps out against initially horizontal surface
Recognizing unconformities
identifying with well data
identifying on seismic data
Definitions
Conformity - no significant hiatus
May connect to unconformity surface
Hiatus - time gap in the stratal sequence
Non-deposition
Erosion
Relationship to sequence stratigraphic
Lapout bedsets
Importance to hydrocarbon trapping
Stratigraphic traps
4 major fields
Depositional sequence
bounded by unconformities or correlative conformities at top and base
gap (hiatus) in the stratal sequence
The most common stratigraphic trap